在华留学生的心理痛苦与文化适应压力和应对的关系

摘要

目的:调查在华留学生的心理痛苦水平,检验文化适应压力、应对及其交互作用与心理痛苦的关系.方法:选取华中某市留学生373人[在华平均时间(2.2±1.7)年;男生248人,女生125人],采用简明症状调查表(BSI-18)、留学生文化适应压力量表(ASSIS)和应对调查表(COPE)测量在华期间的心理痛苦、文化适应压力和应对(积极应对和消极应对).结果:在华留学生的BSI-18得分为(0.66±0.72).BSI-18得分与ASSIS得分、COPE消极应对得分正相关(r=0.49、0.31,均P ＜0.001);多元回归分析表明,文化适应压力、消极应对、文化适应压力×消极应对均与心理痛苦正向关联(β=0.43、0.19、0.26).结论:文化适应压力和消极应对与心理痛苦相关,在高文化适应压力条件下,消极应对对心理痛苦的效应更大.%Objective: To investigate the psychological distress, and examine the effects of acculturative stress, positive coping, and negative coping and their interaction on psychological distress among international students in China. Methods: Totally 373 international students were surveyed from central China [being in China of (2. 2 ± 1. 7) years, 248 males, and 125 females]. Psychological distress was measured with the short version of Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18), acculturative stress was measured with the Acculturative Stress Scale for International Students (ASSIS), and positive coping (PC) and negative coping (NC) were measured with the Cope Inventory (COPE). Results: The average score of BSI-18 was (0. 66 ± 0. 72). The BSI-18 scores were positively correlated with the scores of ASSIS and NC (r = 0. 49, 0. 31, Ps ＜ 0. 001). Multiple regression showed that the scores of ASSIS, NC, and interaction of ASSIS and NC were positively correlated with the BSI-18 scores (β = 0. 43, 0. 19, 0. 26). Conclusion: Acculturative stress and negative coping are important related factors for psychological distress, and for students suffering higher acculturative stress, the effect of negative coping on psychological distress is larger.