基于绿色基础设施生态系统服务评估的政策工具,绿色空间指数研究——以柏林生境面积指数和西雅图绿色指数为例

摘要

绿色空间指数是近年来在西方国家部分城市实施的一项促进城市绿色基础设施建设的强制型政策.其通过对指定场地范围内的各类绿色基础设施指标进行定量评估,并设定最低指标下限来约束场地的开发建设,以促进项目的绿色基础设施建设,提升场地的生态系统服务水平.分析了2个绿色空间指数应用案例,柏林生境面积指数和西雅图绿色指数,对其基本理念、计算公式、权重设置进行了归纳比较,并总结了其在实践应用中的效果和特点,探讨了其所存在的问题与弊端.最后对绿色空间指数的研究和改进方向进行了分析.%Green Space Factor is a recently implemented regulation tool in foreign cities to promote the application of green infrastructure in urban development.The regulation tool quantitatively evaluates the performance of green infrastructure on site by calculating multiple factors,and sets a minimum requirement to regulated the development to promote the implementation of green infrastructure and improve the overall ecosystem services performance.This article analyzes and compares two green space factor cases,Belin Biotope Area Factor and Seattle Green Factor.And the article introduces their basic concepts and calculation methods and summarizes their benefits and limitations.Finally,it proposes several strategies to improve the research and practice of Green Space Factor in the future.