陕西省黄鼠的遗传学特征分析

摘要

目的 明确分布于陕西省的黄鼠的遗传学特征.方法 测定COI、Cyt-b基因序列,与内蒙古科右中旗、正镶白旗达乌尔黄鼠、宁夏海原县阿拉善黄鼠同类基因序列进行比对,分析遗传距离,构建系统发育NJ树.结果 陕西省定边县黄鼠COI基因序列与宁夏阿拉善黄鼠的遗传距离≤0.5％,与内蒙达乌尔黄鼠遗传距离在7.9％～9.3％之间,Cyt-b基因序列与宁夏阿拉善黄鼠的遗传距离为≤2.2％,与内蒙达乌尔黄鼠遗传距离在8.9％～11.2％之间.基于COI和Cyt-b基因的NJ系统树可见所有样本序列形成两个高支持度的单一分支,陕西定边县黄鼠与宁夏阿拉善黄鼠聚为一类,两者与内蒙达乌尔黄鼠形成两个独立分支,基于COI基因的NJ系统树显示陕西各地样本聚为一类.结论 陕西省的黄鼠应为阿拉善黄鼠.%We studied the genetic characteristics of Spermophilus in Shaanxi Province,China.The COI,Cyt-b gene were sequenced and the results were compared with those of dauricus from Inner Mongolia Keyouzhong Banner and Zhengxiangbai Banner,and S.alaschanicus from Haiyuan County of Ningxia.And genetic distance was analyzed and Neighbor-Joining tree was built.Results showed that the genetic distance of COI gene sequences between Spermophilus from Dingbian County in Shaanxi and S.alaschanicus in Ningxia was ≤0.5％,and the genetic distance was ranged from 7.9％ to 9.3％ with Citellus dauricus from Inner Mongolia.The genetic distance of Cyt-b gene between Spermophilus from Dingbian County in Shaanxi and S.alaschanicus in Ningxia was ≤2.2％,and ranged from 8.9％ to 11.2％ with Citellus dauricus from Inner Mongolia.The Neighbor-Joining tree of COI,Cyt-b gene showed two major clusters.One of them were clustered by Spermophilus from Dingbian County in Shaanxi and S.alaschanicus in Ningxia,and another one was Citellus dauricus from Inner Mongolia.The Neighbor-Joining tree of COI gene showed that all samples from Shaanxi Province clustered in a group.In conclusion,the Spermophilus in Shaanxi Province were S.alaschanicus.