基于ANSYS的离心风机叶轮结构优化研究

摘要

Impeller is the core part of a centrifugal fan. As the impeller is rotating at a very high speed, the rotor and stator part should not contact at all. The tip clearance has a great influence on the fan efficiency because of the leakage loss and the secondary flow loss. A convex structure on the impeller wheel side was proposed to reduce the strain of the impeller so as to control the impeller tip clearance more accurately. Four new structure were designed and evaluated numerically by ANSYS. The results indicate that the new structure may reduce the axial and radial displacement of the impeller effectively. The design of the convex minimize the leakage loss and secondary flow loss by optimizing the tip clearance.%叶轮是离心风机的核心部件，由于叶轮是高速旋转的部件，动静之间不能有接触，同时动静之间的间隙通过泄漏损失和二次流损失直接影响风机的效率。为有效地控制叶轮和形环之间的间隙，本文提出在叶轮轮盘侧添加凸台结构，采用4种改进设计方案。利用通用有限元分析软件ANSYS进行计算分析[1-3]，综合考虑叶轮应力、应变等因素，最终得到了在新型设计方法下的最优设计方案。结果表明，新型设计改进方案有效地减小了叶轮的轴向位移量和径向位移量，为叶轮和形环之间的间隙设计提供了依据，进而可以最大限度地减少漏气损失和二次流损失。