水飞蓟宾对抗大鼠酒精性脂肪肝改善肝功能的作用

摘要

BACKGROUND: Silibinin has broad pharmaceutical effects, such as anti-free radicals, anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoid oxidase, anti-glutathione (GSH) depletion, anti-neoplastic and serum lipid-lowering effects. Clinically, silibinin is often used in treating alcoholic liver disease.rnOBJECTIVE: To investigate the pharmacological mechanism of silibinin for alcoholic fatty liver in rats.rnDESIGN: Randomized and controlled study.SETTING: Guangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted at the Animal Experimental Laboratory of Guangdong Pharmaceutical Institute from August to October 2003. Totally 57 SD rats, without unusual bacteria, weighting (150±10)g and of either gender, were selected. Yiganling tablets containing 38.5 mg silibinin were produced by Zhuzhou No.3 Pharmaceutical Factory (Batch No. 20020808).METHODS: Among the 57 SD rats, 18 rats were regarded as normal control group. Rats in normal control group were administered with normal saline by gavage, and fed with normal food and distilled water in place of alcohol for 10 weeks. Rats in model group and silibinin group were fed with high-calorie food and 100 mL/L alcohol for 6 weeks to establish model of rat alcoholic fatty liver. The other rats were divided into model control group (n=18) and silibinin group (n=21). Rats in model control group were treated with distilled water while those in silibinin group were treated with 100 mg/kg silibinin. Meanwhile, 100 mL/L ethanol and hyperalimentation feed were given for 4 weeks. After animals were killed, TG, SOD, GSH and MDA levels were measured with liver suspension.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Contents of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α , and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1.RESULTS: All the 57 rats entered the final analysis. Silibinin could inhibit the activities of serum AST, ALT and AKP [(2 550.5±400.1), (533.4±100.0), (2 217.1±750.2)nkat/L], and the differences were significant as compared with those in model control group [(3 600.7±666.8), (800.2±100.0), (2 900.6±1 333.6) nkat/L, P ＜ 0.05-0.01]. Contents of TG, LDL-C, TNF-α and TGF-β1 in silibinin group [(1.8±0.8), (0.17±0.04), (6.66±1.38), (24.1±4.1) mmol/L] were lower than those in model group [(2.8±1.4), (0.20±0.05), (7.81±1.06), (28.8±6.3) mmol/L] with significant differences (P ＜ 0.05-0.01). Silibinin could increase the content of HDL-C but decrease the contents of TG and MDA (P ＜ 0.05-0.01), and improve SOD activity as well as hepatocyte and fatty degeneration (P ＜ 0.01).However, it had no obvious effect on the content of reduced estathion (P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Silibinin can inhibitthe formation of alcoholic fatty liver in rats. The pharmacological mechanism of silibinin may involve anti-oxidation, removing free radicals, inhibiting lipid peroxidation, regulating blood lipid component, reducing fatty sediment in liver, and anti-immunoinflammation and anti-hyperplasia effects.%背景:水飞蓟宾(素)可产生抗自由基活性、抗脂质过氧化、抗脂氧酶、抗还原性谷胱甘肽排空、抗肿瘤以及降血脂等广泛的药理效应.在临床上,水飞蓟宾也常用于酒精性肝病的治疗.目的:探讨水飞蓟宾对大鼠酒精性脂肪肝作用的药理学机制.设计:随机对照实验.单位:广州市中医医院.材料:实验于2003-08/10在广东省药物研究所无特殊病原菌级动物实验室完成,选用无特殊病原菌级SD大鼠57只,雌雄各半,体质量(150±10)g.益肝灵片主要成份为水飞蓟宾,38.5 mg/片,湖南省株洲市制药三厂生产.方法:在57只SD大鼠中随机选出18只作为正常对照组,给予生理盐水灌胃,饮用蒸馏水代替乙醇,普通饲料喂养10周.其余大鼠自由饮用100 mL/L乙醇,加高脂高热量饲料喂养6周,构建大鼠酒精性脂肪肝模型,经相关指标检测确定模型成立.将剩余大鼠随机分成模型对照组18只和水飞蓟宾组21只,模型对照组给予蒸馏水灌胃,水飞蓟宾组给予水飞蓟宾100 mg/kg.同时继续给予100 mL/L乙醇和高营养饲料,4周后在麻醉状态下处死大鼠,取大鼠肝块进行病理观察,测定三酰甘油、超氧化物歧化酶、还原性谷胱甘肽和丙二醛水平.主要观察指标:大鼠血清中天冬氨酸氨基转移酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、碱性磷酸酶活性和三酰甘油、胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇、大鼠肿瘤坏死因子α、大鼠转化生长因子β1的含量.结果:57只无特殊病原菌级SD大鼠全部纳入结果分析.水飞蓟宾能够抑制病鼠血清天冬氨酸氨基转移酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、碱性磷酸酶活性(2 550.5±400.1),(533.4±100.0),(2 217.1±750.2)nkat/L,与模型组比较(3 600.7±666.8),(800.2±100.0),(2 900.6±1 333.6)nkat/L,差异有显著性意义(P＜0.05～0.01);水飞蓟宾组三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇、大鼠肿瘤坏死因子α和大鼠转化生长因子β1含量(1.8±0.8),(0.17±0.04),(6.66±1.38),(24.1±4.1)mmol/L明显低于模型组(2.8±1.4),(0.20±0.05),(7.81±1.06),(28.8±6.3)mmol/L,两组比较差异有显著性(P＜0.05～0.01);水飞蓟宾能够提高高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇含量;降低肝匀浆三酰甘油和丙二醛含量(P＜0.05～0.01),增强超氧化物歧化酶活性以及改善肝细胞水变性和脂肪变性(P＜0.01),但对还原型谷胱甘肽的含量则未见明显改变(P＞0.05).结论:水飞蓟素阻止大鼠酒精性脂肪肝形成,其作用机制包括抗氧化、清除自由基代谢产物,抑制脂质过氧化反应,调血脂、减少脂肪在肝脏的沉积,抗免疫性炎症和抗增殖.