背景：当寰椎出现病理变化时如寰椎脱位、寰枕连接处不稳、椎体骨折等一系列病理问题时，应用寰枢椎后路椎弓根置入螺钉及钉棒固定或钉板固定是新近提出的一种修复方式，具有一定的优越性。目的：比较寰椎椎弓根置入螺钉对不同类型寰椎病变的修复效果。方法：来源于内蒙古医科大学基础医学院人体解剖教研室的42根椎骨，根据矢状面椎动脉沟底的骨质厚度将椎骨分为3型：Ⅰ型(普通型)、Ⅱ型(变异轻微型)、Ⅲ型(变异重度型)，均接受寰椎后路椎弓根螺钉固定。结果与结论：螺钉在不同骨质密度的椎骨中拔出的力不相同，骨质厚度越大、骨质密度越大的椎骨，其螺钉的拔出力越大(P<0.05)；然而螺钉在不同骨密质的椎骨中所发挥的作用相同，不会压迫血管及影响椎体的活动现象。提示寰椎椎弓根螺钉置入安全性较好，无不良反应，不会影响患者的正常工作及生活。%BACKGROUND:A series of pathological changes were found in atlas, including atlas dislocation, atlanto-occipital junction instability and vertebral fractures. Atlantoaxial pedicle screw, nail and rod fixation or nail plate fixation is a novel repair method recently proposed, and has certain advantages. OBJECTIVE:To compare the repair effects of atlas pedicle screw on different types of atlas lesions. METHODS:A total of 42 fresh vertebrae were obtained from Department of Human Anatomy, Basic Medical School, Inner Mongolia Medical University. In accordance with bone thickness of sagittal vertebral artery groove bottom, vertebrae were divided into three types:type I (common type), type II (light variation), and type III (severe variation). Al samples were subjected to atlas pedicle screw fixation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The screw pul out force in different bone densities of vertebrae was not the same. Vertebrae with great thickness and great bone density had big screw pul out force (P<0.05). However, the screw in different cortical bone of vertebrae had the same function. No compression on blood vessels or phenomenon affecting vertebral activity was visible. These results indicated that atlas pedicle screw implantation showed good safety, no side effects, did not affect the normal work and life of patients.
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