BACKGROUND:Stem cel transplantation is a promising treatment for advanced liver diseases, and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cels are a hot topic folowing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels. OBJECTIVE:To explore the therapeutic effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cels transplantationvia the hepatic artery on advanced liver diseases in rats. METHODS:Forty-five rats were randomized into three groups, 15 rats in each group: control group, model group and transplantation group. Rat models of liver cirrhosis were made in the latter two groups through subcutaneous injection of carbon tetrachloride. Then, 1 mL of CFSE-labeled adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cels was infusedvia the hepatic artery in the transplantation group, and the same volume of normal saline was infused in the model group. Control group had no treatment. Pathological changes, liver function and degree of hepatic fibrosis were observed in the three groups at 4 weeks after treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After transplantation, green fluorescence-labeled adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cels were seen in the liver of rats. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson staining showed unclear hepatic lobule structure in the model group with the formation of false lobules, cel cloudy sweling and loose, some degeneration and necrosis, and inflammatory cel infiltration; in the control group, there was nothing abnormal in the liver tissues of rats in the control group; in the transplantation group, the pathological changes of the rat liver were better than those in the model group, but worse than those in the control group. Compared with the model group, the level of serum albumin was higher in the control and transplantation group (P < 0.05), and the levels of bilirubin, aminotransferase and type IV colagen were lower in the control and transplantation group (P < 0.05). Thus, it can be seen that adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cel transplantation can improve liver function and reduce liver fibrosis in cirrhotic rats.%背景：干细胞移植是晚期肝病比较有前景的治疗方法，脂肪间充质干细胞是继骨髓间充质干细胞后的又一研究热点。目的：探讨经肝动脉移植大鼠脂肪间充质干细胞对晚期肝病的影响。方法：将45只SD大鼠随机分为3组，对照组、模型组和移植组各15只。模型组和移植组皮下注射四氯化碳诱导建立大鼠肝硬化模型，移植组大鼠经肝动脉注入1 mL CFSE标记的脂肪间充质干细胞，模型组经肝动脉注入等量的生理盐水，对照组不予处理。移植治疗后4周，观察各组大鼠的肝脏病理组织学变化，肝功能及肝纤维化程度。结果与结论：①在大鼠的肝脏内见到绿色荧光标记的脂肪间充质干细胞。②经苏木精-伊红染色和Masson染色后发现：模型组大鼠肝小叶结构不清，有假小叶形成，细胞浊肿疏松，部分变性坏死，见炎症细胞浸润；对照组大鼠肝组织未见异常。移植组大鼠的肝脏病理组织学改变介于模型组和对照组之间。③模型组大鼠的血清白蛋白水平低于对照组(P <0.05)，胆红素、转氨酶和Ⅳ型胶原水平明显高于对照组(P <0.05)；移植组大鼠的血清白蛋白水平高于模型组(P <0.05)，胆红素、转氨酶和Ⅳ型胶原低于模型组(P <0.05)。④由此可见脂肪间充质干细胞移植治疗可以改善肝硬化大鼠的肝脏功能，减轻肝纤维化程度。
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