船舶艉轴架系统建模及振动特性分析

摘要

Studies on the dynamic characteristics of the shaft bracket system is crucial to the design of na-val architecture as well as to the control of ship stern vibration. Meanwhile,numerical simulation is one of the most effective research methods where a reasonable numerical model is the fundamental. In this paper, the improved beam model,beam-solid mixed model,hull-shaft bracket system coupled model are built based on the traditional beam model in order to evaluate the transverse natural frequency of the shaft brack-et system. For validation,comparisons are made among the above mentioned four simulation models. The results show that boundary conditions and the connection pattern of different components are key factors that influence the natural frequency of shaft bracket systems. Moreover,when it comes to the adaptability of the proposed model,the improved beam mode is seen to work best in engineering applications,while the coupled model is more appropriate for researches that require high precision.%研究艉轴架系统的动力学特性对艉轴架设计、船舶设计及船舶尾部的振动控制具有重要意义。数值仿真是研究的重要手段之一，而合理有效的模型则是正确分析的基础。为此，在传统艉轴架系统梁模型的基础上，分别采用弹性连接梁模型、体-梁混合模型以及船体-艉轴架系统耦合模型对艉轴架的横向振动特性进行分析，并以试验测试数据为基础，对上述模型计算所得结果进行评价。结果表明：边界条件和构件连接方式对艉轴架的振动固有频率影响较大；在模型适用性上，弹性连接梁模型在工程计算中较以往的梁模型更合适，船体-艉轴架系统耦合模型适用于要求精度更高的研究。