一种无线姿态传感节点的能耗优化研究

摘要

One of the key points in engineering application is to extend the working life by reducing energy consump⁃tion of wireless posture sensor nodes. Buffer sampling was designed in our study to prolong the sleep period of sensor nodes,thus saving energy significantly. A wake-up radio receiver was applied to realize indirect listening to reduce the energy consumption in continuous listening,which was a solution to the problem of the loss of energy consumption in idle listening.An ultra-low power wireless sensor node for monitor pose was devised by combining buffer sampling and indirect listening. Based on an theoretical analysis,the energy consumption in continue sampling proved to be 115.62 times as much as that in buffer sampling. The experiment,which involved 3 sampling patterns and 2 listening patterns in 6 control groups,indicated that sensor nodes could save 99.58%of energy and prolong working life by 238 times with an optimal combination of energy consumption,and its energy consumption was only 0.42%of the least optimal combination. In conclusion,the duration of the sensor nodes with a 2/3AA type lithium battery which contains 1.65 Ah electricity is expected to be for 3.58 years , which can be applied to the information-based animal husbandry.%降低姿态监测传感节点能耗，延长其服务期限是工程应用中的关键点之一。设计缓冲采样方式，以增大传感节点处在休眠状态的时间比重；针对通信中空闲监听带来的能耗损失问题，采用低频唤醒芯片实现间接监听方式以减低连续监听的能耗。采用“缓冲采样+间接监听”的解决方案，本文设计了一种用于监测姿态信息的超低能耗无线传感节点。理论分析证明连续采样的能耗是缓冲采样的115.62倍。实验表明，参照三种采样方式和两种监听方式的六组对照组合，传感节点在最优组合下的能耗仅是最劣组合下的0.42%，节省99.58%的能量，延长238倍的预计工作寿命。一个配有一节2/3AA型1.65 Ah容量锂原电池的传感节点预测能够提供3.58年的连续监测服务，为畜牧业信息化提供应用实践借鉴。