低能耗的无线传感网络分层聚类与节点管理机制

摘要

为降低无线传感器网络的能耗, 提出一种分层聚类与节点管理机制.依据距离汇聚节点的远近以及节点数量的多少对网络进行分层, 使各分层中传感器节点数量基本一致;改进LEACH协议的门限函数, 在各网络分层独立建立节点簇;依据分层网络中簇头节点的位置和节点的剩余能量, 选择每个分层的中心节点;在此基础上, 由分层中心节点管理各分层节点, 强制能量较低的节点休眠, 管理簇头节点的更新;采用LEACH协议进行数据传输.实验结果表明, 该机制有效降低了网络能耗, 延长了网络生存时间.%To reduce the energy consumption of wireless sensor networks, a hierarchical clustering and node management mechanism was proposed.The network was divided into many layers according to the distance from the convergence node and the number of neighbors, to make the number of sensor nodes in each layer basically the same.The threshold function of LEACH protocol was improved, and the node cluster was established separately in each network layer.Based on the location of the cluster head nodes in network layer and the remaining energy of the nodes, the center nodes of each layer were selected.On this basis, the center nodes of each layer managed each node in this layer, to force the nodes with lower energy sleeping and manage updating of cluster head nodes.Data transmission was executed using LEACH protocol.Experimental results show that, the proposed mechanism can effectively reduce the network energy consumption and prolong the network lifetime.