终末期肾脏疾病患者透析治疗对胰岛素抵抗的影响评估

摘要

目的：对照两种不同的透析模式即血液透析和持续不卧床腹膜透析对成年终末期肾脏疾病（ESRD）患者胰岛素抑制的影响，分析影响胰岛素抑制的临床相关因素。方法选取15例非糖尿病ESRD患者（ESRD组），8例采用血液透析（血液透析组），7例采用持续不卧床腹膜透析（腹膜透析组），在透析治疗前后使用高胰岛素正常血糖葡萄糖钳夹技术检测胰岛素抑制，以葡萄糖代谢清除率（GDR）为钳夹技术中胰岛素敏感性参数。同时选取8例健康人作为健康对照组。采用多元线性回归评估与胰岛素抑制相关的临床综合指标。结果健康对照组GDR为（9.93±1.33）mg/（kg · min），ESRD 组为（6.44±1.76）mg/（kg · min），差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。血液透析组治疗后GDR从（6.53±1.84）mg/（kg·min）增加至（9.74±2.88）mg/（kg·min），差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。腹膜透析组透析后GDR也显著改善，从（6.35±1.65）mg/（kg·min）增加到（8.18±1.76）mg/（kg·min），差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。多元线性回归分析结果表明，尿素氮、红细胞压积和碳酸氢盐水平均为影响GDR的因素（P＜0.05）。结论持续不卧床腹膜透析和血液透析治疗均能显著改善成年ESRD患者的胰岛素抑制。%Objective To compare the effect of two different dialysis modalities, hemodialysis (HD) and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) on insulin resistance in patients with adult end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and to identify the possible predictive factors for insulin resistance. Methods Fifteen non-diabetic patients with ESRD (ESRD group) were selected. Eight patients were treated with HD (HD group), and 7 patients were treated with CAPD (CAPD group). The insulin inhibition was examined by hyper insulin-euglycemic glucose clamp technique before and after dialysis treatment, and the glucose disposal rate (GDR) was used as an index of insulin sensitivity during the clamp technique. Meanwhile, 8 healthy controls were selected as control group. The biochemical parameters which might be associated with insulin resistance were determined by multiple linear regression. Results The GDR in control group was (9.93 ± 1.33) mg/(kg · min), in ESRD group was (6.44 ± 1.76) mg/(kg·min), and there was statistical difference (P<0.05). The GDR in HD group after treatment was increased from (6.53 ± 1.84) mg/(kg · min) to (9.74 ± 2.88) mg/(kg · min), and there was statistical difference (P<0.01). The GDR in CAPD group after treatment was increased from (6.35 ± 1.65) mg/(kg·min) to (8.18 ± 1.76) mg/(kg·min), and there was statistical difference (P<0.05). Multiple linear regression result showed that the levels of urea nitrogen, hematocrit and bicarbonate were significant predictive factors in insulin resistance (P<0.05). Conclusions CAPD and HD therapy can improve insulin resistance in adult patients with ESRD.