深部脑刺激主要用于治疗帕金森病、难治性强迫症、癫痫和抑郁症等精神疾病,与手术和其他电刺激技术相比深部脑刺激具有靶点明确、可选择性、可调节性、可逆性、微创性和安全性高等优点.深部脑刺激的疗效在很大程度上依赖于刺激靶点与疾病的相关性,只有在疾病相关的靶点施加深部脑刺激,才有可能取得理想的治疗效果,尽管最近在动物和人身上发现深部脑刺激能有效地干预治疗难活性药物成瘾患者,但是尚未有完全明确的脑区作为治疗靶点.因此,该文将近年来深部脑刺激在治疗药物成瘾研究中主要作用的靶点作一综述,并进一步探讨深部脑刺激作用的可能机制.%Deep brain stimulation ( DBS) is currently investigated in psychiatry for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, obsessive compulsive disorder, epilepsy and depression. DBS has drawn more and more attention because of its good curative effect, high safety and less side effect. Compared with surgery and other methods using electrical stimulation, DBS has the advantage of clear targets, high selectivity, adjustability, reversibility, non-destruction and high safety. However, there are only a few reports about DBS for the treatment of addiction at home and abroad. Efficacy of DBS is largely dependent on the correlation of the disease and stimulate targets. Without DBS of the disease-related targets, it is impossible to achieve satisfactory therapeutic effect. Despite the recent research in both animals and humans has indicated that DBS may be an effective intervention for patients with treatment-refractory addiction, it is not yet entirely clear which brain areas should be targeted. Therefore, in this review, the major brain areas targeted these years are summarized. But the precise mechanisms behind DBS remain unclear and continue to be explored.
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