使用暴露边界比法进行我国居民乙酰甲胺磷膳食暴露风险评估

摘要

目的：使用暴露边界比法计算我国居民的乙酰甲胺磷膳食暴露量，并进行风险评估。方法通过大鼠灌胃染毒21 d，得到乙酰甲胺磷的基准剂量值。整合2002年全国营养与健康状况调查中膳食调查数据和2000-2006年全国食品污染物监测网、2005-2006年海关出口农产品乙酰甲胺磷监测数据，使用概率评估方法计算全国居民乙酰甲胺磷膳食暴露量，通过计算得出暴露边界比，并进行暴露风险的评估。结果动物实验得到乙酰甲胺磷的基准剂量值为0．75 mg·kg -1，基准剂量95％下限值为0．51 mg·kg -1；未成年人的农药暴露水平高于成年人，通过暴露边界比法得到1～6岁、7～17岁和18岁以上人群存在暴露风险的比例分别在5％，1％和0．1％左右。结论在全国范围内，有一部分居民存在膳食暴露风险，同时未成年人的高暴露水平应当引起关注。%OBJECTIVE Calculate the dietary exposure and exposure risk of Chinese consumers to acephate,using the margin of exposure method.METHODS Determine the bench mark dose of acephate by 21 -day gavage experiment of rats.According to the data from the 2002 National Diet and Nutrition Survey,the 2000 -2006 national food conta mination monitoring program,the 2005 -2006 export monitoring data of customs,calculate the dietary exposure of Chinese consumers to acephate by probabilistic assessment.Estimate the exposure risk by co mparing the margin of exposure with 100. RESULTS The bench mark dose of acephate was 0.75 mg·kg -1 ,the BMDL was 0.51 mg·kg -1 .The exposure of children was higher than that of adults.The proportion at risk of group 1 -6 y,7 -17 y and 18 y or higher was 5%,1 % and 0.1 %,respectively.CONCLUSION So me consumers was of dietary exposure risk to acephate.The high exposure of children should be of great concern.