维吾尔族、汉族新生儿中耳炎84例临床探讨

摘要

Objective To discuss the clinical features of otitis media in Uighur and Han neonate. Methods Eighty-four cases of neonatal otitis media patients admitted January 2012 to January 2015 in neonatal department of Xinjiang autonomous regions maternal and child health-care hospital were selected, they were divided into two groups (36 Uighur, 48Han) according to the ethnic, and the features of acute otitis media in neonates were analyzed. Results In 36 cases of Uighur infantile otitis media, external purulent secretion was seen in 9 cases (25%), only 12 cases (33.3%) caused fever, 9 cases (25%) were observed because of irritable and crying, other non-specific manifestations of 6 cases (jaundice,16.6%). In 48 cases of Han infantile otitis media, external purulent secretion accompanied with jaundice was seen in 15 cases (31.2%), only 9 cases (18.7%) caused fever, 6 cases (12.5) caused ear scratching and head shaking because of earache, other non-specific manifestations of 18 cases(jaundice,37.5%). Conclusion Clinical features of otitis media in both Uighur and Han neonates are variable and atypical. But the constituent ratios of complication of otitis media between Uighur and Han infantile patients have difference. Pneumonia and septicemia of newborn are frequently observed in Uighur neonatal otitis media, and the acute upper respiratory tract infection is often diagnosed in Han neonatal otitis media. Pediatricians should improve the understanding on otitis media, for the atypical clinical symptoms, early diagnosis and early treatment necessary to both Uighur and Han neonatal otitis media.%目的：探讨新疆维吾尔自治区妇幼保健院新生儿科维吾尔族（简称维族）、汉族新生儿中耳炎的病因及临床特点，为临床医师早期认识和诊治提供依据。方法抽取我院新生儿科2012年1月-2015年1月份收治的84例患中耳炎的维、汉族新生儿作为研究对象，其中维族36例（男15例，女21例），汉族48例（男27例，女21例），对所有病例进行回顾性分析。结果维族中耳炎患儿中，外耳见脓性分泌物的9例（25%），仅发热的有12例（33.3%），因耳痛引起的烦躁、哭闹检查耳部发现有9例(25%)，其他非特异性表现（黄疸）6例（16.6%）；汉族中耳炎患儿中，外耳见脓性分泌物伴黄疸的15例（31.2%），仅发热的有9例（18.7%），因耳痛引起的哭闹、摇头检查耳部发现有6例(12.5%)，其他非特异性表现（黄疸）18例（37.5%）；结论维、汉族新生儿中耳炎的临床症状均不典型，但其并发症构成比不同，维族以新生儿肺炎、败血症为主，汉族中耳炎患儿并发症以上呼吸道感染出现较多，均可出现听力下降甚至听力丧失引起婴幼儿学语与认知方面的不良后果，早期诊断及时治疗对维、汉族中耳炎患儿尤为重要。