面神经减压术治疗周围性面瘫15例临床分析

摘要

Objcetive To report results of facial nerve decompression for peripheral facial palsy caused by different facial never diseases.Methods Etiologies in this group included trauma (n=9), Bell’s palsy (n=3) and cholesteatoma in middle ear (n=3).All patients were treated with facial nerve decompression via transmastoid, subtemporal or supralabyrinthine approach-es.The House-Brackmann facial nerve grade was assessed during the 0.5 to 2 years follow up.Results Among the 9 traumat-ic facial palsy patients caused by temporal bone fracture, 5 received surgery within 2 to 4 weeks and achieved grade I (n=4) or II (n=1) facial function;3 received surgery within 5 to 8 weeks and achieved gradeⅡ(n=2) orⅢ(n=1) facial function;and 1 received the operation within 9 to 12 weeks after the injury and achieved only gradeⅣfacial function.Two patients with Bell ’s palsy were operated on within 9 to12 weeks and achieved grade I or II facial function. One Bell’s palsy patient achieved gradeⅢfacial function after receiving surgery 12 weeks after disease onset. The 3 cases of middle ear cholesteatoma were oper-ated upon in 1 to 2 weeks and all achieved grade I facial function. Conclusions Appropriate timing and facial nerve decom-pression operations based on the etiologies can lead to good facial function results.%目的：探讨不同面神经疾病致周围性面瘫行面神经减压手术的疗效。方法对9例外伤性面瘫、3例贝尔氏面瘫及3例中耳胆脂瘤所致的周围性面瘫，经乳突-颞下迷路上隐窝进路面神经显微减压手术，术后随访0.5～2年，按面瘫H-B分级法评估面神经功能恢复程度。结果9例颞骨骨折面瘫(Ⅳ级2例，V级6例，Ⅵ级1例)，伤后2～4周手术5例，术后面神经功能恢复I级4例，Ⅱ级1例；伤后5～8周手术3例，面神经功能恢复Ⅱ级2例，Ⅲ级1例；伤后9～12周手术1例，恢复Ⅳ级。3例贝尔面瘫(Ⅳ级1例，V级2例),9～12周手术2例，均Ⅱ级恢复，12周后手术1例，为Ⅲ级恢复；3例中耳胆脂瘤（Ⅲ级2例，Ⅳ1例）在1～2周内手术，均I级恢复。结论对于不同原因所致周围性面瘫患者，选择合适的时机行面神经减压术，多能取得良好疗效。