利用青海大黄油菜(QD,2n=20,AA)与几种不同的甘蓝(CC,2n=18)正反杂交,辅以幼胚抢救、子房培养和染色体加倍技术人工合成甘蓝型油菜.结果表明:以QD为母本的多个杂交组合获得69株杂种苗,反交组合均未得到正常发育的胚.与中迟芥蓝杂交后的QD子房在MS、1/2MS、MS+ 0.2mg/L 6 - BA三种培养基中得胚率依次为15.5％、8.9％和4.4％,共获得24个杂种胚,耐在MS+1.5mg/L 6 - BA +0.25mg/L NAA分化培养基上角果内未发现成熟胚.染色体加倍处理结果表明,在培养基中添加秋水仙素后加倍率最高(59.4％ ～ 86.4％).SSR分子标记结果显示:受试材料全部为真杂种,并且没有出现新增带和缺失带.人工甘蓝型油菜在形态上介于双亲之间,千粒重较高,达到5.48g ～ 7.45g,显著高于甘蓝型油莱品种青油14号和中双4号.%Inter -species hybridization between Brassica rapa cv Qinghai Dahuang (QD, 2n =20, AA) and several B. oleracea var alboglabra L. (CC, 2n = 18 ) was made to artificially synthesize novel Brassica napus through embryo rescue, ovary culture and chromosome doubling. 69 embryos were produced in QD X B. oleracea var alboglabra L. crosses, but none of them was produced from the reciprocal crosses through embryo rescue. In QD x Mid -late -flowering kale cross,24 hybrid embryos were survieved through ovary culture. The embryo surviving rate from ovary culture on 3 types of medium ( MS,1/2MS and MS +0.2mg/L 6 - BA) were 15.5% ,8. 9% and 4.4% respectively. Mature embryo could not be obtained from the differentiation medium (MS + 1. 5mg/L 6 - BA + 0.25 mg/L NAA). The result of chromosome doubling showed that doubling ratio of plants on culture medium with 100mg/L colchicine was the highest, which varied from 59. 4% to 86. 4%. The SSR analysis demonstrated the plants examined were true F, hybrids, from which neither novel bands nor absent bands were observed. The hybrids between QD x B. oleracea var alboglahra L. had an intermediate morphology and greater average 1 000 - seed weight of novel Brassica napus varying from 5.48g to 7.45g, which were significantly higher than B. napus cv Qingy-ou 14 and Zhongshuang 4.
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