为了深入了解胡麻核心种质资源的表型变异和遗传多样性,对401份胡麻种质14个表型性状进行多元统计分析.结果表明:14个表型性状平均变异系数为17.87％,平均遗传多样性指数为2.132,28对表型性状间呈极显著相关,4对呈显著相关.用26对SRAP引物评价了胡麻核心种质,共扩增出234个多态性条带,多态性信息量(PIC)平均为0.60;有效等位基因数(Ne)、香农信息指数(I)和Nei's基因多样性指数(H)在物种水平上分别为1.584 7、0.523 5和0.347 9,在群体水平上分别为1.510 5、0.464 4和0.305 4.聚类分析结果显示,在遗传相似系数为0.295和0.375处,将401份胡麻资源分为2大类和7个亚类,与国内外7个不同地区来源吻合.结果表明供试胡麻种质资源农艺性状的变异大于品质性状的变异,地理环境是影响胡麻种质资源遗传多样性的主要因素.%The phenotypic variation and genetic diversity of 401 domestic and foreign flax germplasm resources were studied,by multi-statistical and SRAP marker methods.The results showed that the average variation coefficient was 17.87％,the average genetic diversity index was 2.132.There were significant differences among 28 pairs of traits.26 pairs of SRAP primers were used to evaluate the flax core collection,and 234 polymorphism bands were generated,with the average polymorphism information content (PIC) for each pair of primers being 0.60.The effective number of alleles (Ne),aromatic information index (Ⅰ) and Nei's genetic identity (H) were 1.584 7,0.523 5 and 0.347 9 at the species levels,and 1.510 5,0.464 4 and 0.305 4 at the group levels,respectively.According to the cluster analysis,401 flax resources could be divided into 2 categories when the genetic similarity coefficient (GS) was 0.295,and into 7 sub-types when GS was 0.375,being roughly consistent with 7 different origins.The studies showed that the agronomic traits variation was greater than that of quality traits for studied flax germplasm resources.There were great genetic differences between domestic and foreign varieties (or lines),showing a distant kinship.Geography was the main factor affecting the flax germplasm genetic diversity.
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