目的 测量蒙古族、汉族正常人以及有青光眼家族史正常人视盘参数,探讨其产生差异的原因及其在诊断早期青光眼中的意义.方法 蒙古族正常人15人30只眼、汉族有开角或闭角型青光眼家族史正常人各15人30只眼、汉族无青光眼家族史正常人45人90只眼纳入本研究.其中,汉族无青光眼家族史正常人包括20～29岁、30～39岁、40～49岁组各15人30只眼.应用海德堡视网膜断层扫描仪(HRT)测量所有受检者视盘面积、视杯面积、盘沿面积、视杯容积、盘缘容积、杯盘面积比、线状杯盘比(C/D、)平均视杯深度、最大视杯深度、视杯形态、视盘轮廓线高度变化、平均视网膜神经纤维层(RNFL)厚度、神经纤维层横截面积等视盘参数.比较蒙古族正常人组与汉族无青光眼家族史正常人20～29岁组、汉族有开角型青光眼家族史正常人组与汉族无青光眼家族史正常人30～39岁组、汉族有闭角型青光眼家族史正常人组与汉族无青光眼家族史正常人40～49岁组的视盘参数.结果 蒙古族正常人组与汉族无青光眼家族史正常人20～29岁组轮廓线高度变化比较,差异无统计学意义(t=0.791,P=0.132),前者与后者比较,其余视盘参数值小,但差异均无统计学意义(t =-1.039、-0.799、-0.840、-1.108、-0.956、-0.695、-0.931、-1.099、-1.074、-0.580、-0.204、-1.425,P＞0.05).汉族有开角型青光眼家族史正常人组与汉族无青光眼家族史正常人30～39岁组比较,前者视盘参数均较后者大.其中,视盘面积、视杯面积、盘沿面积、视杯容积、盘缘容积、杯盘面积比、线状C/D、平均视杯深度、视杯形态、神经纤维层横截面积比较,差异均有统计学意义(t=4.758、3.187、2.544、2.674、1.798、3.676、2.721、2.715、2.510、2.373,P＜0.05).最大视杯深度、视盘轮廓线高度变化、平均RNFL厚度比较,差异均无统计学意义(t=1.649、1.565、0.767,P＞0.05).汉族有闭角型青光眼家族史正常人组与汉族无青光眼家族史正常人40～49岁组比较,视杯面积、盘沿面积、视杯容积、盘缘容积、杯盘面积比、线状C/D、平均视杯深度、最大视杯深度、视杯形态、视盘轮廓线高度变化、平均RNFL厚度、神经纤维层横截面积等视盘参数差异均无统计学意义(t=1.201、1.697、1.000、0.516、0.740、-0.172、-0.070、-0.972、1.530、-0.390、-0.091、0.659,P＞0.05),视盘面积参数比较,差异有统计学意义(t=2.224,P＜0.05).结论 青光眼家族史对正常人视盘参数有影响,尤其是有开角型青光眼家族史者.蒙古族、汉族正常人视盘参数无差异.%Objective To measure optic disc parameters in Mongolian and Han healthy subjects with or without family history of glaucoma,to explore the causes of the differences and their significance in the diagnosis of early glaucoma.Methods Fifteen healthy Mongolian individuals (30 eyes),30 healthy Han individuals (60 eyes) with a family history of open-angle (30 eyes) or angle-closure (30 eyes) glaucoma,and 45 healthy Han individuals (90 eyes) without a family history of glaucoma were enrolled in this study.The 45 healthy Han individuals without a family history of glaucoma included three age-groups:20 to 29 years old group,30 to 39 years old group and 40 to 49 years old group,each group have 15 subjects (30 eyes).Thirteen parameters were measured by Heidelberg retina tomography (HRT) for all subjects,including disc area,cup area,rim area,cup volume,rim volume,cup/disc area ratio,linear cup/disc ratio,mean cup depth,maximum cup depth,cup shape,disc height variation contour,mean retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and optic nerve fiber layer cross-sectional area.The results were analyzed and compared between the above groups.Results There was no statistically significant (t=0.791,P=0.132) of the height variation contour between Mongolian and Han without a family history of glaucoma (20 to 29 years old) group.The other parameters of Mongolian were smaller than Han without a family history of glaucoma (20 to 29 years old) group,but the difference was not statistically significant (t=-1.039,-0.799,-0.840,-1.108,-0.956,-0.695,-0.931,-1.099,-1.074,-0.580,-0.204,-1.425; P＞ 0.05).The parameters in Han with a family history of open-angle glaucoma group were bigger than Han without a family history of glaucoma (30 to 39 years old) group.The differences were statistically significant for disc area,cup area,rim area,cup volume,rim volume,cup area ratio,linear cup/disc ratio,mean cup depth,cup shape measure,nerve fiber layer cross-sectional area (t =4.758,3.187,2.544,2.674,1.798,3.676,2.721,2.715,2.510,2.373; P＜0.05),but were not statistically significant for maximum cup depth,disc height variation contour and mean RNFL thickness (t=1.649,1.565,0.767; P＞0.05).Most parameters in Han with a family history of angle-closure glaucoma group were the same as that in Han without a family history of glaucoma (40 to 49 years old) group,including cup area,rim area,cup volume,rim volume,cup/disc area ratio,linear cup/disc ratio,mean optic cup depth,maximum cup depth,cup shape,disc height variation contour,mean RNFL thickness,optic nerve fiber layer cross-section (t=1.201,1.697,1.000,0.516,0.740,-0.172,-0.070,-0.972,1.530,-0.390,-0.091,0.659; P＞ 0.05) ; but the difference of disc area between these 2 groups was statistically significant (t=2.224,P＜0.05).Conclusions The family history of glaucoma can change the optic disc parameters of healthy individuals,especially those with a family history of open-angle glaucoma.There is no difference of optic disc parameters between healthy Mongolian and Han subjects.
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