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中华口腔正畸学杂志

中华口腔正畸学杂志

CSTPCD

Chinese Journal of Orthodontics
1994年创刊，中华医学会主办。本刊是国内口腔正畸学专业最高级学术期刊。原刊名为《口腔正畸学》杂志，2009年更名为现刊名。本刊的读者对象是从事口腔正畸临床工作的医学工作者。办刊方针为“坚持临床与基础、普及与提高相结合”，主要报道内容为国内外口腔正畸学临床研究、应用基础研究的新成果和新进展，并重视口腔正畸学临床矫治技术和诊疗经验的报道。主要栏目有：专家论坛、论著、临床技术、讲座、综述、病例报告和国际之窗等。
  • 发文量：1552
  • 被引量：448
  • H指数：1
  • 开始收录时间：1994(1)
  • CNKI综合因子：0.455
  • 维普期刊影响因子： 0.579
  • 万方期刊影响因子：0.83
  • 创刊时间：1994
  • 国内刊号/CN：11－5797/R
    国际刊号/ISSN：1674-5760
  • 发行周期：季刊
    邮发代号：2-744
  • 主管单位：中国科学技术协会
    主办单位：中华医学会
中华口腔正畸学杂志-联系信息
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  • 电话：010-82195350
  • 邮箱：zhkqzjx@163.com
  • 地址：北京海淀区中关村南大街22号
  • 邮编：100081
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中华口腔正畸学杂志 >2021年第4期

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  • 摘要：Objective To assess the effect of different extraction modalities on treatment outcomes in skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusions. Methods One hundred and nine skeletal Class Ⅲ patients (50 males and 59 females) with a mean age of 16.11±4.47 years were collected. The subjects were divided into four groups according to the extraction modality. They were T0 (non-extraction group), T1 (premolar extraction group), T2 (molar extraction group) and T3 (lower incisor extraction group). The PAR (peer assessment rating) index of each of the pre- and post-treatment cast was assessed. The differences of pre- and post-treatment weighed PAR score, reduction in weighed PAR score, percentage reduction in weighed PAR score and the degree of improvement between the four groups were compared. Results (1) Significant differences (P＜0.001＝ of the reduction in weighed PAR score and percentage reduction in weighed PAR score existed between different extraction modality groups. And the order of reduction from high to low was premolar extraction group, molar extraction group, non-extraction group and lower incisor extraction group.(2) There were no "Worse-no different" cases among the four groups. 97 cases were greatly improved and accounted for 89%. There were 12 cases (11%) in improved category. (3) Greatest improvement was found in premolar extraction group and the least improvement was found in lower incisor extraction group. Conclusions Treatment outcomes of the four extraction modalities in skeletal Class Ⅲ were all satisfied. Cautions should be paid in lower incisor extraction.%目的 评价不同拔牙模式对骨性Ⅲ类错(牙合)畸形治疗效果的影响.方法 选择109例骨性Ⅲ类错(牙合)畸形患者,其中男性50例,女性59例,平均年龄16.11岁±4.47岁.根据拔牙模式分为:T0组(不拔牙)、T1组(拔前磨牙)、T2组(拔磨牙)和T3组(拔下切牙).对所有患者治疗前后的模型应用PAR(Peer Assessment Rating)指数进行评价,对各组治疗前后的加权PAR总分值、加权PAR总分值减少、加权PAR分值减少率及改善程度进行统计学分析.结果 ①治疗后加权PAR总分值减少和加权PAR总分值减少率在各组间有显著的统计学差异(P＜0.001),减少从多到少的顺序依次是拔前磨牙组、拔磨牙组、不拔牙组和拔下切牙组;②四种不同拔牙模式组中均无变坏或无改变,极大改善97例,占总例数的89%,改善12例,占总例数的11%;③不同拔牙模式组之间的矫治等级结果有统计学差异(P＜0.05),拔前磨牙组中极大改善所占比例最大,而拔下切牙组中极大改善比例最小.结论 四种不同拔牙模式都能起到改善骨性Ⅲ类错(牙合)畸形牙(牙合)关系的目的 ,但拔下切牙的模式应慎重选择.
  • 摘要：@@ 患者陈某某,女,10岁11个月,因"牙不齐,牙齿‘地包天"'求治.患者乳牙(牙合)期前牙反(牙合),多颗牙龋坏,但未予治疗,家族中无类似错(牙合)表现.侧貌凹面型,口内检查口腔卫生差,26、36、46残冠.左侧磨牙咬合关系完全近中,右侧磨牙咬合关系中性.上牙弓相对下牙弓狭窄,除16,46和唇向错位13,23外均为反(牙合).前牙反覆盖1 mm,反覆(牙合)0.5mm,下颌不能后退至对刃.上牙弓拥挤7 mm,中线右偏1.5 mm,下牙弓拥挤2.5 mm.患者治疗前面(牙合)像和模型见图1～13.
  • 摘要：Objective To simulate the state of surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion on the craniofacial complex, and to evaluate the stress distribution and displacement. Methods Simulated surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion was performed at the first molar region on a three-dimensional finite element model of the craniofacial complex. The stress distribution and displacement were compared before and after expansion. Results Expansion was found in thetransverse plane, especially in the canine and the first premolar regions. The nasal cavity and palatal plane moved downward and that could relief the resistance of breath. Conclusions Surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion was effective.%目的 模拟手术辅助腭扩展术,分析上颌骨复合体应力分布与位移趋势.方法 在力学相似性较高的上颌骨复合体三维有限元模型上,模拟第一磨牙处颊侧骨皮质切开辅助腭扩展术,计算各标志点的应力及位移,所得结果与常规腭扩展相比较.结果 颊侧骨皮质切开术辅助腭扩展开展牙弓,可有效增加横向扩展的位移,尤其在尖牙和前磨牙区.同时鼻腔和腭盖下降,有助于降低通气阻力.结论 颊侧骨皮质切开辅助腭扩展的方法效果确切.
  • 摘要：目的 探讨大鼠实验性牙移动中P2X3受体在牙周膜的表达变化,初步了解P2X3受体与正畸牙移动疼痛信息传递的关系.方法 54只雄性SD大鼠(体重200～250 g)随机分为空白组(5只)、对照组(14只)和实验组(35只).选择左侧上颌第一磨牙作为观察对象,制备大鼠正畸牙移动不同时间点牙周膜组织切片.结果 正畸牙移动加力后,牙周膜压力侧和张力侧P2X3受体免疫阳性表达增加,呈短时上调规律,两侧相同时间点进行两两比较,结果无统计学意义.结论 正畸牙移动疼痛信息传递过程中P2X3受体在牙周膜压力侧与张力侧呈一过性上调规律,推测P2X3受体与牙移动伤害表达密切相关,但其作用机制还有待进一步研究.%Objective To investigate the P2X3 receptors changes in rat periodontal ligament during experimental tooth movement(ETM), and find its possible effect during ETM. Methods 54male SD rats (200～250 g) were selected in this study. There were 7 experimental groups (35 rats)and 2 control groups [Group A: intact rat (5 rats); Group B: sham rat (14 rats)]. Biopsies of periodontal ligament in the left maxillary first molar region was obtained at different time points to carry out immunohistochemical study. Results Immunohistology was used to reveal the distribution of P2X3 receptors in periodontal ligament. Predominant up regulation of P2X3 receptors immunoactivity was found in periodontal ligament from 4h to 7d. No significant difference was found in immunoactivity of P2X3 receptors between the pressure and tensile sides at the same time.Conclusions P2X3 receptors have a rhythm change in rat periodontal ligament as a result of ETM.
  • 摘要：近些年来各种骨性支抗系统被开发并应用于临床,来完成牙齿各种类型的运动.微型种植体用于垂直支抗控制方面比传统方法有着更多的优势.本文病例通过应用自攻型微钛钉种植体支抗压低上下颌后部牙齿槽,治疗严重的骨性前牙开(牙合)畸形,证明自攻型微钛钉种植体提供垂直支抗控制的能力.本文也提示通过简单有效的骨性支抗手段,可以提供一种治疗较复杂骨性开(牙合)畸形的全新方法.%Skeletal anterior open bite is one type of the complicated malocclusions. It is critical to decrease the heights of posterior dentoalveolar reigons for successful treatment of anterior open bite.To obzain a stationary anchorage source, special designed implant and minisrew, miniplate have been developed recently in orthodontic clinic. Compared to traditional methods, mini-implant have more advantages in vertical control This report confirmed the effectiveness of miniscrew anchorage in skeletal anterior open bite treatment and showed the results of dental, skeletal and soft tissue profile treatment changes with the intrusion of posterior dentoalveolar segment.
  • 摘要：@@ 随着成人正畸需要的增加,隐形矫治已经越来越多地被正畸医师所关注.舌侧矫治技术始于上世纪70年代[1-3],近十余年来,舌侧矫治技术的倡导者和先驱们通过大量的临床实践和探索已使舌侧矫治技术成为一种成熟、高效的固定矫治技术,同时也是口腔正畸临床领域中的一项热门技术.
  • 摘要：目的 对比戴用自锁托槽与传统托槽矫治器后牙周指数的变化.材料和方法选取12～18岁正畸患者80例,按矫治器类型分为两组:实验组,40例采用AO公司生产的T3自锁托槽矫正的患者;对照组,采用杭州西湖公司生产的徐氏托槽矫正的患者40例.由同一牙周专科医师分别检测80例患者治疗前和治疗6个月的各项牙周指数(GI,PLI,SBI,PD).结果 治疗6个月后两组间牙周指数(GI,PLI,SBI,PD)差异无显著性.结论 自锁托槽矫治器不会更有利于牙周组织的健康,牙周的健康状况取决于患者的口腔卫生状况.%Objective To compare the periodontal indices between the use of self-ligating brackets and conventional pre-adjusted brackets. Methods Eighty patients (12 to 18 years old) were divided into 2 groups (group A: 40 patients with self-ligating brackets and group B: 40 patients with conventional pre-adjusted brackets). Periodontal indices (GI, PLI, SBI and PD) were examined in both groups. Results No difference was found in the indices recorded between the two groups after 6months of treatment. Conclusions Self-ligating brackets did not have an advantage over conventional brackets with respect to the periodontal status.
  • 摘要：Objective To apply the digital models including the roots and jaws to the computer aided lingual indirect bonding system. Methods The integrated models including crown, root and jaws were obtained by superimposition of different CT images. The lingual orthodontic treatment progresses were simulated three-dimensionally on the computer and digital set-up and bracket positioning were performed. Results The digital models were successfully integrated. Better set-up goals of crowns and roots are achieved. Conclusions The integrated models were obtained successfully and could be applied to lingual indirect bonding.%目的 探索将带有牙根和颌骨的排牙模型应用于计算机辅助设计和制作的舌侧矫治技术间接粘接系统中,并试用于临床.方法 将三维CT图像和层析图像进行整合,获得包括牙根和颌骨的三维模型.在整合模型上进行计算机辅助设计和制作的舌侧矫治技术模拟排牙和托槽定位,并通过转移托盘粘接到患者口内.结果 排牙模型达到良好的牙冠和牙根的三维排列,托槽在间接粘接转移托盘中就位良好.结论 本研究成功地将带有牙根和颌骨的数字化排牙模型与舌侧矫治技术间接粘接系统相结合,为治疗后牙根不平行、骨开裂、骨开窗等问题提供了解决途径.
  • 摘要：目的 研究安氏Ⅱ类1分类错(牙合)患者矫治前中后的咬合功能变化,分析评价固定矫治技术对牙颌功能的影响.方法 选择26名安氏Ⅱ类1分类错(牙合)患者,运用T-scan Ⅱ型咬合测量分析系统,记录其在矫治前、中、后牙尖交错位的(牙合)力(TOF)、(牙合)力不对称指数(AOF)、(牙合)接触点数(NOC)、(牙合)接触面积不对称指数(AOA)、(牙合)力中心点位置(COF)、(牙合)力中心点最大位移(MMCOF)及(牙合)干扰指数(OII)七项指标.结果 与矫治前相比,矫治中TOF及NOC下降,而矫治后升高(P＜0.05),矫治后AOF、AOA、COF、MMCOF及OII均明显下降(P＜0.01).结论 安氏Ⅱ类1分类错(牙合)患者正畸治疗后,咬合功能增强,明显消除了(牙合)不对称等不利因素,咬合功能更加平衡协调.%Objective To investigate the change of occlusal function of patients with Class Ⅱ division 1 malocclusion after orthodontic therapy. Methods T-scan Ⅱ was used in 26 orthodontic patients with class Ⅱ division 1 malocclusion. Bite force, occlusal contacts were measured before,during and after orthodontic therapy. The data of total occlusal force (TOF), asyrmmetry index of occlusal force (AOF), number of occlusal contacts (NOC), asymmetry index of occlusal area (AOA),center of force (COF), maximal movement of COF(MMCOF) and occlusal interference index (OII)were recorded. Results Compared with pre-orthodontics, the TOF and NOC during treatment were smaller, while the TOF and NOC were higher after treatment(P＜0. 05). AOF, AOA, COF,MMCOF and OII were significantly decreased (P＜0. 01 )after orthodontic treatment. Conclusions Total occlusal force and occlusal contacts were improved in Class Ⅱ patients after orthodontic treatment.
  • 摘要：目的 通过对安氏Ⅱ类错(牙合)患者进行亚型划分,分析Ⅱ类患者的形态特征及其形成机制.方法 收集北京大学口腔医学院正畸科1997～2000年就诊的安氏Ⅱ类错(牙合)患者894名,通过影像测量及最小平方和重叠法(Procrusts Superimpositiom,PS)进行聚类分析以及亚型划分,分析每组的颅面特征,总结其形成机制.结果 聚类分析将样本分出11个具有各自形态特征的类型,并形成各自的图形模板.结论 PS重叠法用于形态学分类具有一定的优势.安氏Ⅱ类错(牙合)的主要机制为下颌后缩,并且约60%存在垂直向不调,其中高角病例更加多见.%Objective To analyze the morphological characters and mechanism of Class Ⅱpatients. Methods 894 Class Ⅱ patients were collected from the orthodontic department, Peking University School of Stomatology from 1997 to 2000. The standardized coordinates of thecephalometric radiograms were obtained by Procrusts Superimposition (PS). Cluster analysis was carried out to divide the patients into different subdivisions and the cephalometric character of each template was analyzed. Resulst 894 patients were divided into 11 subdivisions with specialcharacteristics. The morphological templates were constructed by computer. Conclusions Procrusts method was effective to study the classification of the malocclusion. According to the template and its cephalometric value, Class Ⅱ malocclusion were mainly due to the mandiblar retrusion, and verticaldiscrepancy present in 60percent of the patients.
  • 摘要：@@ 口腔正畸患者面(牙合)像与石膏模型、X线片一样已经成为口腔正畸医生诊断、治疗必备的三大临床资料之一.口腔正畸临床研究需要高质量的资料积累,因此正畸患者面(牙合)像医学摄影已经成为一项重要的医疗辅助技术工作.如何利用照相机将摄影元素与口腔正畸专业特点相融合,真实、准确、清晰地反映正畸患者口腔中相关的信息,不仅需要拍摄者了解摄影及口腔正畸相关的知识与技术,还需要经过反复练习才能准确、熟练掌握.
  • 摘要：Objective To investigate the longitudinal changes of facial height according to quantitative cervical vertebral maturation (QCVM) for adolescents with normal occlusion. Methods Mixed longitudinal data were used. The samples included 87 adolescents aged 8～18 years with normal occlusion (32 males, 55 females) selected from 901 candidates. Sequential lateral cephalograms and hand-wrist films were taken once a year for 6 years. The growth magnitude (GM), relative growth rate (RGR) and the percentage of facial growth remaining (PGR) of facial height parameters according to QCVM were measured and analyzed. Results ①The largest GM was happened during the period of high velocity in QCVM Ⅱ for both genders, and the least GM was during the period of completing velocity in QCVM Ⅳ. The next largest growth was during the period of accelerating velocity in QCVM Ⅰ with the exception of Ar-Go and male S-Go parameters, which were during the period of decelerating velocity in QCVM Ⅲ. ②All measurements showed a trend towards accelerating velocity→ high velocity→decelerating velocity→ completing velocity from QCVM stageⅠto stage Ⅳ. The largest RGR was all in QCVM Ⅱ, then in QCVMⅠ, and the least was in QCVM Ⅳ. ③Both sexes completed similar percentages of total growth at comparable QCVM stage, even though there were significant gender differences in GM and RGR. Conelusions QCVM could be used to assess the level of skeletal maturation during adolescence, to estimate RGR and predict PGR.%目的 以颈椎骨龄定量分期法(quantitative cervical vertebral maturation,QCVM)为划分标准,探讨QCVM Ⅰ至Ⅳ期前后面高生长发育的纵向变化特点.方法 从901位中小学生中挑选87位(女55,男32)正常(牙合)个体,每年定期拍摄正中(牙合)位头颅侧位片及手腕骨片,连续6年,组成8-18岁混合纵向资料,比较QCVM Ⅰ至Ⅳ期前后面高的生长量、相对生长速率和生长完成百分比.结果 ①所有面高参数最大平均生长量均处于高峰期(第Ⅱ期),最小生长量均处于结束期(第Ⅳ期);第二大生长量除下颌升支高度及男性后面高处于减速期(第Ⅲ期),其余均为加速期(第Ⅰ期);②所有参数从QCVM Ⅰ至Ⅳ期呈现加速→高峰→减速→结束的生长趋势,最大相对生长速率均发生在第Ⅱ期(高峰期),第Ⅰ期(加速期)次之;③虽然在生长量和相对生长速率上存在男女性别差异,但男女在颈椎发育的不同阶段完成相似的生长百分比.结论 颈椎骨龄定量分期法能评估前后面高的发育阶段、估计生长速率、预测生长剩余百分比,有重要的临床应用价值.
  • 摘要：@@ 一、适应证的选择rn近年来,随着螺钉支抗技术的不断发展,其在正畸临床中的应用领域也不断扩展.本文旨在介绍利用下颌骨后部颊侧植入的螺钉种植体向远中整体牵引下牙列,以矫正前牙反(牙合),主要适用于以下三种病例:rn1.上颌第一磨牙近中到下颌第一磨牙近中的距离不超过下颌第一磨牙宽度的Ⅲ类错(牙合)病例.
  • 摘要：目的 探讨正畸治疗中牙龈增生的相关致病因素.方法 12例因接受固定正畸治疗而出现牙龈增生的患者纳入牙龈增生组,对照组为12例牙龈健康者.分别于基线时采集两组研究对象的牙周检查指标、龈下菌斑标本和龈沟液标本,采用实时PCR技术对龈下菌斑内的牙龈卟啉单孢菌(Pg)、伴放线放线杆菌(Aa)、中间普氏菌(Pi)、齿密螺旋体(Td)和福赛氏类杆菌(Tf)进行定量检测,使用ELISA法测量龈沟液中白介素-1β的含量,比较牙龈增生组和对照组各项指标间的差异.对牙龈增生组患者实施牙周基础治疗,并于4周后重新采样比较牙周治疗前后上述指标间的差异.结果 基线时,牙龈增生组中龈下菌斑内五种牙周可疑微生物的检出率均显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),龈沟液内白介素-1β的含量显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).牙周基础治疗后4周时,牙龈增生患者的各项牙周检查指标均明显下降,同时Pg、Aa和Td的检出率、细菌数量以及龈沟液内白介素-1β的含量均显著减少(P＜0.05).结论 Pg、Aa和Td等牙周病原菌和白介素-1β与正畸治疗中牙龈增生的发生和发展密切相关.%Objective To investigate the pathogenesis of gingival enlargement (GE) in orthodontic treatment. Methods The study sample included 12 patients with GE undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment and 12 periodontally healthy controls. At baseline, periodontal variables,subgingival plaque samples and gingival cervical fluid (GCF) samples were taken from two pre-selected sites in both the GE group and control group. The levels of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg),Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Prevotella intermedia (Pi), Treponema denticola (Td) and Tannerella forsythensis (Tf) were determined by real-time PCR. GCF interleukin (IL)-1β were detected by ELISA. Periodontal therapy was administered to the patients in the GE group and all the parameters were reassessed after 4 weeks. Results At baseline, the GE group showed higher prevalence of five periodontal pathogens than the control group (P＜0. 05). IL-1β levels at the GE sites were also significantly higher than those at the control sites (P＜ 0. 05). Four weeks after periodontal therapy, the GE group showed significant improvements in the clinical parameters associated with significant reductions of Pg, Aa and Td. The levels of IL-1β also decreased significantly compared with baseline (P＜0. 05). Conclusions Periodontal pathogens and IL-1β may be related to the initiation and development of GE in orthodontic treatment.
  • 摘要：目的 通过计算机体层摄影观察轻、中度阻塞型睡眠呼吸暂停、低通气综合征患者戴用双侧拉杆式口腔矫治器前后上气道形态变化及其相关因素分析.方法 经夜间多导睡眠仪监测确诊为OSAHS的男性患者9名,年龄25～43岁,平均37岁(中位数),戴用口腔矫治器治疗有效.3个月后分别行CT扫描,三维重建后行定量分析.结果 所有患者戴用矫治器后上气道各段容积及总容积均增大.总容积的增加百分比与患者体重指数成负相关(r=-0.70,P=0.03),与患者下颌平面角(MP-SN)没有显著相关性(r=-0.43,P=0.25).上气道容积的增加与患者睡眠呼吸障碍的严重程度及改善程度无明显相关关系(r=0.30,P=0.43;r=0.39,P=0.29).结论 双侧拉杆式口腔矫治器使OSAHS患者上气道大小、形态趋于正常.体重指数影响气道大小改善的程度.同时气道大小改善的程度与患者的睡眠呼吸状况改善并不一致.%Objective To investigate the morphologic change of upper airway induced by oral appliance(OA) of double-pull rods in obstructive sleep apnea and hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS) and analyze relevant factors, subsequently investigate treatment mechanism of OA for OSAHS. Methods Nine OSAHS patients (male, 25-43yeas old), diagnosed by polysomnography, successfully treated with OA. After 3 months treatment, each patient received Helical computed tomography in central relation with and without OA respectively. Upper airway structures were reconstructed at threedimension and measured by VG Studio. Results The volume of the upper airway of all 9 patients were increased when patients with OA. A significant negative relationship was found between △volume and BMI(r=-0. 70,P=0. 03). No significant relationship is found between△volume and FH-MP(r=-0. 43,P=0. 25), between△volume and AHI (without OAs)(r=0. 30,P=0. 43), and between△volume and△AHI(r= 0. 39, P=0. 29). Conclusions OSAHS patients can be effectively treated with mandibular advancement devices (MAD), with increased volume of upper airway which is influenced by BMI. The degree of volume increase is not consistent with improvement induced by treatment in patients with OSAHS.
  • 摘要：@@ 安氏Ⅱ类1分类错(牙合)患者多存在一定程度的骨性不调[1],双期矫治的目的是充分利用患者青春期生长发育潜力对颌骨进行生长改良,在最大程度上改善颌骨三维方向上的关系不调.一期治疗使用的矫治器多为功能矫治器(如:生物调节器、肌激动器、双(牙合)垫等)和口外弓头帽.矫治的最佳时机是在患者青春发育高峰期前或高峰期(即替牙晚期或恒牙早期).
  • 摘要：@@ 病史:房×,女,13岁,要求关闭下颌第一恒磨牙间隙.rn一、临床检查rn1.下侧面特征:面部左右对称,侧貌比例协调.rn2.牙列情况:恒牙列期,右侧下颌第一磨牙早失,左侧磨牙关系中性,上颌轻度拥挤,下颌牙列较整齐,尖牙为中性关系,前牙覆(牙合)颌覆盖关系正常.
  • 摘要：Objective To evaluate of the long-term stability of the periodontal patients after orthodontic extraction-treatment for 2 ～ 5 years. Methods 18 patients with extraction of 4 premolars; 6 patients with extraction of 2 upper premolars and 1 incisor; 5 patients with extraction of 1 incisor; 1 patient with extraction of 4 second molars; 1 patient with extraction of 3 premolars.Examination on periodontal tissue and orthodontic relapse were undergone to investigate the stability after orthodontic-periodontal treatment and retention. Results Good occlusion and healthy periodontal tissue can be obtained after orthodontic treatment with extraction. Concltsions Longterm stability can obtained after orthodontic treatment with extraction.%目的 对牙周炎患者进行正畸减数治疗,观察治疗后2～5年的远期疗效.方法 31例牙周炎患者中减数四颗双尖牙的18例,减数两颗上双尖牙和一颗下前牙的6例,减数一颗下前牙的5例,减数四颗第二磨牙的1例,减数三颗双尖牙的1例.观察正畸减数治疗后咬合关系、牙周支持组织健康状况,以及其稳定程度.结果 正畸减数治疗后咬合关系和牙周组织改建良好,疗效保持稳定.结论 牙周炎患者经正畸减数治疗可以达到稳定的远期疗效.
  • 摘要：Objective To explore the treatment of horizontally impacted maxillary canines with artificial fulcrum. Methods Five patients with horizontally impacted maxillary canines were involved. The space was regained by using straight wire appliance. After surgical exposure, artificial fulcrums were placed on dental cervix of the impacted canines and traction was applied to these impacted canines. Panoramic x-ray was used to evaluate the roots resorption. Results Impacted maxillary canines of the 5 patients were corrected to normal position. The tooth pulp and periodontal tissue were healthy. There was no root resorption of adjacent teeth. Conclusions The artificial fulcrum changed the center of rotation in the treatment of horizontally impacted upper canine.%目的 探讨预置支点在矫治上颌水平阻生尖牙的作用.方法 水平埋伏阻生上颌尖牙5例,均位于邻牙根方.用直丝弓矫治器进行间隙预备,外科开窗暴露埋伏尖牙的牙冠,将预置支点置于牙颈部,进行正畸牵引,曲面断层片观察邻牙牙根吸收情况.结果 水平阻生尖牙以预置支点为转动中心而移动至正常位置,牙髓和牙周情况良好,邻牙牙根无吸收现象.结论 预置支点水平阻生上颌尖牙的转动中心,对正畸临床治疗有指导意义.
  • 摘要：@@ 一、病史rn患者,男,14岁,汉族.主诉:门牙不齐、反(牙合),要求采用舌侧矫治器矫治.家族史:姐姐为相似畸形.患者无口腔不良习惯,全身健康状况良好,生长发育正常.
  • 摘要：Objective The aim of this investigation was to study the effect of asymmetric inter-maxillary elastic on the subchondral bone in adult SD rats. Methods Two hundred and twenty SD rats were used in this study (one hundred and four rats loading 0. 39 N elastic force, another one hundred and four rats loading 1.18 N elastic force, while twelve rats for control group. ). The extra-joint device was fixed on the right side by surgery. Half of the experiment groups were killed at 3, 7,14, 28 days. The device was removed on the 28th day in the rest rats, and the rats were sacrificed at 31,35,42,56 days. The section was stained by hematoxylin and eosin. The arrangement of trabecular was observed and the percent trabecular area was measured with the use of software. Results The arrangement of trabecular in normal bony condyle was coordinated to the mechanical environment, and changed with the extra stress. Meanwhile, with the remodeling of subchondral bone, the percent trabecular area was dynamically changed among experimental groups respectively. Conclusions These results suggested that even in the adult individuals, the subchondral bone still have the remodeling ability to adapt the various mechanical environment.%目的 通过观察不对称牵引引起的成年SD大鼠髁突软骨下骨组织形态学变化,了解关节外不对称机械应力对髁突软骨下骨的影响.方法 选用10周龄雄性SD大鼠220只(随机分为轻力组104只、重力组104只、对照组12只),实验组动物使用关节外固定加力装置,分别施加0.39、1.18 N,加力28 d拆除加力装置.在3、7、14、28、31、35、42、56 d取得标本,对髁突软骨的形态、骨小梁密度进行观察分析并进行统计学处理.结果 正常髁突软骨下骨骨小梁连续,与髁突表面垂直以顺应髁突的力学环境,在负荷加载后出现骨小梁形态和排列变化,密度发生相应波动.结论 髁突软骨下骨在外力刺激下,出现排列和骨小梁密度的变化以适应变化的机械应力环境.
  • 摘要：目的 研究下颌偏斜患者的牙(牙合)特征及其与颅面形态的关系.方法 下颌偏斜患者31例(男9名,女22名),年龄12～26岁,平均年龄18岁.通过D.02-L 3D SCANNER三维牙颌模型激光扫描仪获得牙(牙合)三维特征,测量下颌偏斜畸形患者的头颅后前位片获得颅面骨骼特征,并对二者之间的关系进行统计学分析.结果 下颌偏斜患者的上下颌牙弓不对称,下颌偏斜侧的spee曲线(2.06±1.05)mm明显大于非偏斜侧(1.76±0.82)mm,P=0.038,上颌牙冠偏斜侧相对与非偏斜侧更为颊倾,下颌偏斜侧牙冠要相对舌倾,颏点的偏斜是一能有效衡量牙弓后部牙冠倾斜度差异以及(牙合)平面倾斜度的骨骼测量指标.结论 下颌偏斜患者表现出独特的骨骼和牙(牙合)特征,二者之间有着显著相关性.%Objective To investigate the relationship between mandibular deviation and dental arch anomalies. Methods Thirty-one patients with deviated mandible (9 males and 22 females) were included, with mean age of 18 years old (range from 12 to 26 years old). Dental casts were scanned and reconstructed three-dimensionally to analyze crown angulation and arch symmetry. Frontal cephalograms were analyzed to obtain the skeletal characteristics of the patients. Relationship between mandibular deviation and dental arch anomalies was analyzed. Results Patients with deviated mandible had dental arch asymmetry. The shifted side (2. 06 ± 1.05 mm) displayed steeper curve of spee than the contralateral side (1.76+0. 82 mm), (P=0. 038). On the shifted side, upper molars tipped labially and lower molars tipped lingually. On the contralateyal side, upper molars tipped lingually and lower molars tipped labially. Menton deviation was a valid parameter for skeletal and dental asymmetries. Conclusions Patients with mandibular deviation showed specific skeletal and dental characteristics and strong relationship existed between these features.
  • 摘要：Objective To investigate the ultrastructural characteristics of lateral pterygoid muscle after functional mandibular protrusion in adult rats. Methods Forty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four experimental groups and four control groups, each group had 5 rats.The experimental groups were fitted with fixed bite-jumping devices that protruded the mandible. The control groups did not wear the devices. The animals were sacrificed on days 3, 7, 14, 28 days after experimental mandibular protrusion . The left and right lateral pterygoid muscle were dissected and observed under transmission electronic microscope. Results The myofilaments of experimental lateral pterygoid musle were dissolved and ruptured on days 3. The myofilaments interlaced and the sarcomeres did not arranged by rule in the experimental groups on days 7and 14. On days 28, The direction of a little myofilaments were different. The amount of subsarcolemmal and intermyofibrilar mitochondria of lateral pterygoid muscle was increased and the shape were changed on days 3,7, 14.The amount and shape of mitochondria were normal on day 28 after experimental mandibular protrusion. The excitatory transmitter in the end plate of lateral pterygoid muscle cells increased on 14days after functional mandibular protrusion. Conclusions The lateral pterygoid muscle showed ultrastructural alterations after experimental mandibular protrusion in adult rats.%目的 观察成年大鼠下颌功能性前伸后翼外肌的超微结构变化.方法 成年雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠40只,随机分为4个实验组和4个对照组,每组5只.实验组大鼠配戴固定的前伸下颌矫治器,对照组不配戴矫治器.分别于下颌前伸3、7、14、28 d处死实验组和对照组大鼠.取大鼠左右侧的翼外肌,制作电镜标本,透射电镜下观察成年大鼠翼外肌的超微结构变化.结果 在实验组大鼠翼外肌细胞内,下颌前伸3 d时,部分肌丝溶解断裂;下颌前伸7 d和14 d时,肌丝方向紊乱,肌小节宽度不规则;下颌前伸28 d时,局部仍可见肌丝方向紊乱和肌小节宽度不规则.下颌前伸3、7、14 d时实验组大鼠翼外肌细胞肌膜下及肌丝间线粒体增多,形态改变.下颌前伸28 d时,线粒体数量和形态基本正常.下颌前伸14 d时,在实验组大鼠翼外肌细胞内,终板内的神经递质较多.结论 成年大鼠下颌功能性前伸后翼外肌细胞的结构发生了改变.
  • 摘要：Objective To investigate the long-term subjective effect of oral appliance in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea and hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods The questionnaire was used to investigate the effect of treatment and the occurrence of side-effects. Results A total of 89 patients completed the questionnaire. Over 60% OSAHS patients treated with oral appliance everyday only. 12.4% patients had been using the appliance for 10 years. OSAHS could be treated successfully with oral appliance. In most cases, the side effects occured in patients, while 86% of the side effects were minor and temporary. Conclusions OSAHS could be treated successfully with oral appliance. The side-effects were minor and temporary.%目的 观察经口腔矫治器治疗OSAHS患者的主观疗效.方法 对89例接受口腔矫治器治疗OSAHS的患者进行问卷调查,追踪患者的长期耐受性、主观疗效及副作用情况,对长期使用口腔矫治器患者的感觉和行为进行回顾性调查.结果 60%以上患者单纯使用口腔矫治器进行阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的治疗,并能每天戴用.其中12.4%的患者使用口腔矫治器达到10年以上.口腔矫治器能够长期有效地改善患者鼾声和睡眠呼吸暂停及低通气相关症状.其不适副作用较轻,86%副作用能够在患者一段时间的适应后消退,不会对患者造成长期影响.经过治疗,OSAHS患者的日常生活、情感、社会交往的影响以及睡眠呼吸暂停引起的其他症状,得到一定改善.结论 使用口腔矫治器治疗OSAHS,患者耐受性高,长期疗效良好,能使患者的生活质量有所提高.
  • 摘要：@@ 正颌外科在我国兴起于上世纪70年代末和80年代初[1],这对于颅面部严重骨性畸形的治疗具有划时代的意义.严重骨性Ⅲ类错(牙合)畸形就是一类常见牙颌面畸形,不仅影响患者的容貌、发音和咀嚼功能,甚至影响心理健康,有研究[2]表明此类人群常有敏感多疑、自卑、对人不信任等表现,所以进行治疗是非常必要的,但是由于骨性畸形严重,单纯正畸治疗难以取得良好的治疗效果,虽然也有采用非手术治疗严重骨性Ⅲ类错(牙合)的报告[3],但矫治难度大,对正畸医师技术要求高,难以推广,所以对于严重骨性Ⅲ类错(牙合)成年患者而言,采用正畸-正颌外科联合矫治是目前临床最常用的治疗手段.
  • 摘要：目的 牙周病正畸治疗中,在严格控制炎症和正畸力的情况下,牙齿松动度仍然增加,本研究旨在从牙槽骨骨密度变化方面对其机制进行初步探讨.方法 选择牙周病正畸治疗者20例,牙周健康正畸者为对照组21例,应用锥束CT(cone beam computed tomography,CBCT),在正畸治疗的第一期排齐阶段前后拍摄,使用头影测量方法原理,在CBCT图像的选定截面定点,对上下颌前牙区牙槽间隔骨密度进行测量,同时记录相关的临床牙周指标,采用SPSSl6.0软件包分析,以配对t检验和独立样本t检验比较两组内和组间的牙槽骨密度的差异,Pearson相关分析评价骨密度与临床指标间的相关性.结果 治疗前牙周病组和对照组骨密度无明显差别(P＞0.05),治疗后牙槽骨密度降低量为牙周病组(-18.94±30.81)显著大于对照组(-11.35±31.55)(P＜0.05),牙周病组牙松动度有明显增加(P＜0.05).结论 静止期牙周病牙槽骨在正畸力刺激下,牙槽骨密度明显降低.牙槽骨密度降低与牙齿松动度增加有显著相关,推测松动度增加可能由于骨密度降低引起,这方面值得进一步研究.%Objective To analyze the phenomenon that tooth mobility remarkable increased under a prerequisite for tooth movement in a non-active condition of periodontal disease, alveolar bone density was preliminarily investigated. Methods 20 patients with periodontal disease (group 1) and 21 patients with healthy periodontal tissue (group 2) were selected. CBCT (cone beam computed tomography) scanning were taken before and after the first stage of orthodontic treatment. The data were analyzed by SPSS16. 0 software package for paired t test and independent-samples t test, and Pearson correlation coefficient was used to study the relationships between alveolar bone density and clinical parameters. Results There were no significant differences in alveolar bone density between two groups before treatment (P＞0. 05); After treatment, bone density showed a statistically significant decrease in two groups, and the reduction was greater in group 1 than that in group 2 (P＜0. 05 ). Tooth mobility in group 1 showed a remarkable increase after treatment (P＜0. 05 ).Conclusions The alveolar bone density decreased through tooth movement in a non-active periodontal condition, and density reduction had a significant positive correlation with the increase of tooth mobility. The increase of tooth mobility may result from the reduction of alveolar density, which needs further study.
  • 摘要：Objective To evaluate the effects of rapid maxillary expansion on treatment in Class Ⅲ patients with maxillary portraction. Methods A total of 54 children with Class Ⅲ malocclusion were selected and divided into two groups. Twenty-six patients (group A) received maxillary protraction without RPE and the other 28 patients (group B) received maxillary protraction combined with RME. Cephalometric radiographs were taken and analyzed before and after treatment.Changes between the two groups were analyzed. Results The trends were similar in ANB, PP-MP,Ptm-A, Co-A, Co-Gn, A-Np, Pog-Np, Pog-NB and Wits value etc. Significant differences in treatment duration, in SN-PP and ANS-Me and in labial inclination of upper incisors were found between the two groups. Conclusions Maxillary protraction combined with or without rapid maxillary expansion was effective in the treatment of Class Ⅲ patients with maxillary deficiency.%目的 评价快速扩弓对上颌前方牵引治疗效果的影响.方法 选择54例替牙期以上颌发育不足为特征的骨性安氏Ⅲ类错(牙合)患者,随机分为单纯前牵引组(A组,26例)和前牵引联合快速扩弓组(B组,28例)进行矫治.分别在治疗开始(T0)和结束(T1)时拍摄头颅定位侧位片,进行定点测量,使用SPSS13.0统计软件进行t检验.结果 A组治疗时间(11.0±3.4)个月,B组(10.4±2.3)个月,(P＜0.05).矫治后,两组患者上下颌骨及牙齿的变化趋势相似,颅颌关系改善:ANB角增加,SNB角减小;颌骨变化明显:Ptm-A增加,Co-Gn增加,Wit's值增加,以上项目治疗前后变化均显著(P＜0.05)但组间差异并不显著.另外,A组SN-PP减小1.24°,B组减小0.6l°,组间差异显著(P＜0.05).在垂直向上下面高、下面高/全面高的变化B组较A组增加显著.U1-NA角增大,L1-MB角减小,在B组中的改变均较A组明显,Ms6-PP距增加在B组中较显著.治疗后面型角的变化在B组中较明显,而颏唇角、上、下唇-E线距的变化两组间无差异.结论 替牙期骨性Ⅲ类错(牙合),无论是否联合快速扩弓,上颌前方牵引均可产生显著治疗效果.上颌前方牵引联合快速扩弓,可以减轻腭平面的逆时针向旋转,减小前牙代偿,缩短矫治时间.
  • 摘要：@@ 唇腭裂(cleft lip palate,CLP)患者经过一系列手术后仍存在比较严重的错(牙合)畸形,据统计,唇腭裂患者恒牙期时的错(牙合)畸形发生率为97%[1],需要正畸治疗[2,3].随着人们对唇腭裂先天畸形认识的深入、生活水平的提高和医疗技术的发展,唇腭裂患者的治疗由单一的手术治疗转为序列治疗[4、5].

    中华口腔正畸学杂志的期刊信息

    • 曾用名：口腔正畸学
    • 创刊时间：1994
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