精神分裂症患者眼动特征及其相关因素研究

摘要

目的：探讨精神分裂症视觉搜索过程的眼动特征及其影响因素。方法将120例精神分裂症患者设为研究组，120名健康志愿者设为对照组，应用Eyelink 2000眼动仪器记录基于找数字、数字连线、迷宫三种任务的眼动数据。实验前对研究组采用阳性与阴性症状量表评定阳性和阴性症状。结果在三种任务中，研究组找数字和数字连线的刺激持续时间及注视时间均显著高于对照组（ P＜0.05或＜0.01）；“迷宫”的眨眼次数显著低于对照组（ P＜0.05）。相关分析显示，研究组阳性与阴性症状量表注意障碍因子与迷宫的注视时间呈正相关，反应缺乏因子与数字连线的眼跳次数呈正相关，偏执因子与找数字的眼跳幅度呈负相关，抑郁因子与迷宫的眼跳幅度呈正相关，补充因子与数字连线的眼跳幅度、刺激持续时间和总注视次数呈负相关。结论精神分裂症患者的眼动特征异常，提示注意功能、思维灵活性、推理和问题解决能力可能受损；以上神经功能的损伤与某些临床症状相关，提示可能与精神分裂症的病理生理过程有关。%Objective To research eye movement features and impact factors in visual search in patients with schizophrenia .Methods One hundred and twenty schizophrenia patients were assigned to research group and 120 healthy volunteers to control group .Eye movement data were recorded by using Eyelink 2000 eye tracker when they were performing three tasks:searching for numbers , connecting the numbers by line and doing labyrinth games . Before the experiments , negative and negative symptoms were assessed using positive and negative syndrome scale ( PANSS) in the research group .Results In performing the three tasks , stimulating duration of searching for num-bers , connecting the numbers by line and fixation time were significantly higher in the research group than in the con -trol group ( P<0.05 or <0.01 ) , but the blink times in the task of doing labyrinth games was significantly lower in the research group than in the control group ( P<0.05 ) .Correlation analysis revealed that disturbance of attention factor of PANSS was positively related to the blink times in the task of doing labyrinth games , the response absence factor to times of saccade in the task of connecting the numbers by line , and the depressive factor to saccade ampli-tude when doing labyrinth games;paranoid factor was negatively correlated to the saccade amplitude when searching for numbers, recruitment factor to the saccade amplitude and stimulating duration and the total number of times of fix -ation in the task of connecting the numbers by line .Conclusion Patients with schizophrenia showed anormaly eye movement features , thus revealing the possible damage to attention function , thinking flexibility , inference ability and problem-solving ability .These neurological damages may be associated with certain clinical symptoms , hint its rela-tion to pathophysiological process of schizophrenia .