Objective Research to reserve officers and soldiers on cardiopulmonary resuscitation ( CPR) knowledge and skills before and after training .Methods A self-designed questionnaire for respondents in knowledge and skills of CPR before and after training .Results 25.3% respondents lack of knowledge on CPR Before the training, 45.2% of them gain CPR knowledge main channel obtained from television , newspapers.8.9%from professional books,20.5%from listen to others, 17.1%master skill properly, 100%cluld judgment the loss of consciousness and cardiac arrest properly , 98.6% determine respiratory arrest, 94.5%breathing and heartbeat stopped treatment measures ,73.3% basic skill of CPR,72.6% implement artificial respiration, 87.7% press accurately parts of the heart , 87.7% the depth of the sternum chest compression.146 reserve officers aware of knowledge about CPR knowledge training after all were higher than before the training, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05) .Conclusions Through training, reserve duty's CPR knowledge and skills can be improved .Thus enhance success rate to protect people's lives and safety at a crucial moment .%目的：了解预备役官兵对徒手心肺复苏术（ CPR）知识和技能的掌握情况，并分析CPR知识培训后的效果。方法采用自行设计的问卷调查表对150名预备役官兵在培训前、后CPR知识及技能掌握情况进行调查。结果本次调查发放问卷150份，4份填写不完整，回收有效问卷146份，有效回收率97．3％。培训前25．3％预备役官兵对CPR知识缺乏，45．2％获得CPR知识的途径主要来源于电视、报刊；8．9％从专业书籍中获取；20．5％听他人说。17．1％会正确CPR操作。培训后100％官兵掌握了判断意识丧失和心跳停止的方法；98．6％会判断呼吸停止；94．5％掌握了呼吸心跳停止处理措施；73.3％掌握了心肺复苏的基本步骤；72．6％会实施人工呼吸；87．7％能准确按压心脏的部位；87．7％掌握胸外心脏按压的胸骨下限的深度。146名预备役官兵CPR知识培训后各项知识知晓率均高于培训前，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论通过培训，预备役官兵CPR认知和技能得以提升，提高了特殊群体对CPR知识和技能掌握的程度，以期保证“第一时间”施救的成功率。
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