以问题为基础的学习在专科《病原生物学与免疫学》教学中的应用

摘要

目的 探讨以问题为基础的学习(problem-based learning,PBL)在专科学生《病原生物学与免疫学》教学中的效果.方法 以漯河医学高等专科学校2012级3年制临床医学专业1班为PBL实验组,2班为以授课为基础的学习(lecture-based learning,LBL)对照组,每组100人.分别采用PBL和LBL对“肝炎病毒”这一章节进行授课.利用章节测试和问卷调查评估教学效果,比较2种教学法的效果差异.采用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计学分析,结果以百分率表示,行X2检验.结果 从考试成绩显示,PBL实验组优秀率和及格率均明显高于LBL对照组(P=.000),PBL实验组不及格率明显低于LBL对照组(P=0.000).问卷调查的结果显示,80％以上的实验组学生认为PBL可以调动学习积极性、培养合作意识、提高语言表达能力等.结论 PBL应用于专科层次《病原生物学与免疫学》教学效果良好,值得推广.%Objective To explore the practice effect of problem-based learning(PBL) in teaching of pathogen biology and immunology at college level.Methods Three-year clinical majors of class 1 and 2 in Luohe Medical College were chose,class 1 as PBL experimental group(n=100) and class 2 as control group(n=100).Chapter of hepatitis virus was taught respectively using PBL and LBL teaching method.Teaching effect was evaluated by test and questionnaire.Teaching effects between PBL and LBL were compared.SPSS 13.0 was used to do statistical analysis and data were expressed as percentage.Chi-square test was performed and P＜0.05 shows statistically significant differences.Results Results of test showed that excellent and passing rates were higher in PBL group than in LBL group(P=0.000) ; flunked rate was lower in PBL group than in LBL group(P=0.000).Results of questionnaire showed that more than 80％ students thought that PBL can mobilize students' initiatives of learning,train cooperation consciousness and enhance language skills,etc.Conclusions PBL can be used in pathogen biology and immunology for 3-year clinical majors and deserves further application.