2013-2016年茂名地区无偿献血者梅毒阳性感染状况分析

摘要

目的:分析茂名地区无偿献血者梅毒阳性感染状况.方法:选自茂名地区无偿献血者177731例收集血浆标本,应用乙二胺四乙酸-二钾(EDTA-2K)抗凝.采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA法)双抗原夹心法测定血清梅毒抗体.观察不同年份、不同献血类型、不同文化程度及不同职业梅毒阳性感染情况.结果:本研究调查177731例无偿献血者中,983例血清梅毒阳性,占0.55％;不同年份之间血清梅毒阳性感染无明显差异(P＞0.05);个人献血和互助献血血清梅毒阳性率明显高于团体献血,且有统计学差异(P＜0.05);初中及以下血清梅毒阳性率明显高于高中、中专、大专、本科及以上,且有统计学差异(P＜0.05);农民和商人血清梅毒阳性率明显高于其他职业,且有统计学差异(P＜0.05);其中工人和其他血清梅毒阳性率也较高.结论:茂名地区无偿献血者梅毒阳性感染率较低,不同献血类型、不同文化程度及不同职业梅毒阳性率存在差异,因此献血前应增强高危人群的咨询,从而确保临床输血的安全.%Objectives:To analyze the status of syphilis positive infection among voluntary blood donors in Maoming area.Methods:From blood donors in Maoming area,177731 plasma samples were collected and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid-dipotassium (EDTA-2K) was applied for anticoagulation.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) double antigen sandwich method was used for the determination of serum syphilis antibody.The positive rate of syphilis infection was observed in different years,different blood donation types,different education levels and different occupations.Results:This study investigated 177731 unpaid blood donors,of which 983 cases was positive,accounted for 0.55％.The difference in serum syphilis infection between different years was not significant.The serum syphilis positive rate of individual and mutual blood was significantly higher than that of group blood donation (P ＜ 0.05).The positive rate of syphilis was significantly higher than that of junior high school and below,secondary school,junior college,bachelor degree or above (P ＜ 0.05).The positive rate of farmers and merchants' syphilis was significantly higher than other occupation (P ＜ 0.05);the positive rate of syphilis among workers and other high.Conclusion:The positive infection rate of syphilis among blood donors in Maoming area is relatively low,with significant differences among different blood types,different levels of education and different occupation,so consultations should be strengthened for high-risk groups to ensure the safety of clinical blood transfusion.