贵阳市969名高血压患者用药现状及影响因素分析

摘要

目的 通过分析贵阳市2013年高血压患者药物使用现状和基本药物使用影响因素,评价贵阳市新的国家基本药物目录实施后对社区高血压患者用药的影响.方法 通过分层随机抽样方法,对贵阳市6个社区卫生服务中心的969名高血压患者进行结构式问卷调查.结果 社区高血压患者人均使用1.4种抗高血压药物,使用的基本药物数占药物总数的39.8％.基本药物使用率在年龄、性别、家庭收入之间的分布差异有统计学意义;55～64岁年龄组和65～74岁年龄组非基本药物使用率是75岁以上年龄组非基本药物使用率的3.48倍和0.47倍,低收入和中收入家庭的高血压患者,其使用非基本药物的概率是高收入家庭的2.05倍和2.87倍.结论 贵阳市社区高血压患者基本药物使用比例较低,影响使用基本药物的因素是年龄因素和家庭收入水平.建议针对65～74岁人群和低收入家庭进行重点干预,提高该人群基本药物使用率.%Objective By means of analyzing the antihypertensive use of hypertension patients of Guiyang in 2013 and impact factors for basic drug use,to evaluate the impacts of the essential medicines list in place in Guiyang to hypertension patients in communities in Guiyang.Methods 969 hypertension patients were surveyed with structured questionnaire of stratified random sampling at 6 community health centers in Guiyang city.Results Hypertension patients in communities averaged 1.4 types of antihypertensive,and the essential medicines used accounted for 39.8％of all the antihypertensive.The distribution differences of the ratio of essential medicines use are significant interms of age,gender,and household annual income.Use ratio of non-essential medicines of the 55～64 age group and 65～74 age group are 3.48 times and 0.47 times over that of the 75 and above age group.For hypertension patients of low income and medium income,their probable use of non-essential medicines is 2.05 and 2.87 times that of high income households.Conclusion As the use ratio of hypertension patients in Guiyang is relatively low,and the factors for it are age and household income,focused intervention is recommended for the 65～74 age group and low-income households,for the purpose of high use ratio of essential medicines of such people.