某部官兵健康相关知识现状及健康教育需求的研究

摘要

Objective To investigate the actual situation of health education demand and health knowledge among soldiers,and provide the scientific basis and reference for soldiers’health education program.Methods Questionnaire sur-vey was applied in this survey,and 920 soldiers were collected by cluster sampling method.Results The score of health knowledge had significantly positive correlation with position,age,education,education degree of parents,frequency of education (r =0.283,0.412,0.238,0.404,0.421,P <0.01 ).There was significant different in health knowledge between soldiers with different work,educational background,degree of parents,frequency of education.Among them, military officers (22.83 ±4.11 ),bachelor degree or above (18.44 ±4.11 ),parents’education level being higher (19.17 ±4.47),often getting education (20.90 ±3.68)got the highest score (P <0.01).The main form of health edu-cation in the top three was health knowledge lecture,TV or video,newspapers and magazines,which were 76.83%, 69.07% and 61.64%,respectively.The demand of health knowledge in the top 3 was the knowledge of nutrition,health behavior and lifestyle,the prevention of heatstroke,accounted for 80.71%,75.50% and 64.85%,respectively.Con-clusion The access to health knowledge was related to various factors,which need to be combined with health education needs.Rational use of various health education methods is necessary for improving the level of health knowledge of soldiers.%目的：调查某部队官兵健康相关知识现状及健康教育需求的实际情况，为制定官兵健康教育计划提供科学依据与参考。方法采用整群抽样，对某部920名官兵进行问卷调查，并对结果进行统计学分析。结果官兵健康知识得分与职别、年龄、文化程度、父母文化程度、获得教育频率呈显著正相关（r 值分别为0.283、0.412、0.238、0.404、0.421，P ＜0.01）；官兵健康知识得分在不同职别、文化程度、父母文化程度、获得教育频率上差异有统计学意义，其中军官（22.83±4.11）、本科／大专及以上文化程度（18.44±4.11）、父母文化程度较高（19.17±4.47）、经常获得教育（20.90±3.68）得分最高（P ＜0.01）；部队官兵接受健康教育的主要形式排在前3位的有健康知识讲座或卫生课、电视或录像、报纸杂志，分别占76.83％、69.07％和61.64％；官兵对健康知识的需求排在前3位的有饮食和营养知识、健康行为与生活习惯知识、中暑晒伤的防治知识，分别占80.71％、75.50％和64.85％。结论官兵健康知识掌握情况与多种因素相关，需结合健康教育需求，合理运用多种健康教育途径，提高官兵健康知识水平。