Objective To explore present situation and the influencing factors on parent-child communication a-mong junior high school students.Methods An adolescent parent-child communication psychological questionnaire survey was conducted among 602 junior middle school students in a district of Shanghai.Results The scores of adolescent parent-child communication were decreased from grade 6 (114.82 ±18.45)to grade 8 (102.26 ±18.79)firstly,then increased in grade 9.About gender difference,the communication with the father’s participating in orientation,flexibility and dynam-ic dimensions of communication level in girls were significantly higher than that in boys (t values were -2.052, -2.547,-0.647,P <0.05 ).The communication with mother in the forms of communication in orientation,emotional needs, communication and communication level of flexibility and power dimensions in girls were obviously higher than that of boys (t values were -2.828, -2.621, -2.564, -2.065,P <0.05 ).However,the light touch and active listening in boys were significantly higher than that in girls (t values were 2.859,3.650,P <0.01 ).Students in different grade showed significant different parents communication levels,grade 6 followed by grade 9,grade 7 and grade 8.Students in dif-ferent grades had different communication level with their fathers in the orientation,emotional needs,control needs,under-standing,motivation,ability and total score were significantly different (P <0.05).On the communication with mother in the orientation,emotional needs,domination,light touch,understanding,motivation,ability and total score were signifi-cantly differences (P <0.05).Orientation communication level in students with their father were significantly higher than with their mother (P <0.01).The total score,motivation and ability dimension and emotional need,dominance and un-derstand the factors of communication with their mother’s level were higher than with his father (t values were -7.610,-3.281, -3.594, -5.560, -4.083, -14.524,P <0.01).Conclusion Parent-child communication are affected by gender and grade among junior high school students,and the communication content and function of the communication with the father and mother are different.%目的：探讨初中生亲子沟通现状与影响因素。方法采用青少年亲子沟通心理量表对上海市某区602名初中生进行测查。结果青少年亲子沟通随年级递增呈先下降后上升之势，其中六年级（114.82±18.45）为最高点，八年级（102.26±18.79）为最低点。在性别上，女生在与父亲的参与倾向性、沟通灵活性上以及动力维度上的沟通水平明显高于男生（t 值分别为－2.052、－2.547、－0.647，P ＜0.05）；女生与母亲的沟通上在参与倾向性、情感需要、沟通灵活性和动力维度上的沟通水平明显高于男生（t 值分别为－2.828、－2.621、－2.564、－2.065，P ＜0.05），而在轻松感和积极倾听上男生显著高于女生（t 值分别为2.859、3.650，P ＜0.01）。在不同的年级上，青少年与父母沟通呈现显著差异，表现为六年级＞九年级＞七年级＞八年级的变化趋势。不同年级的学生与父亲沟通时在参与倾向性、情感需要、支配需要、理解、动力、能力、总分上呈显著差异（P ＜0.05）；与母亲沟通时在参与倾向性、情感需要、支配需要、轻松感、理解、动力、能力、总分上呈显著差异（P ＜0.05）。青少年在参与倾向性因素上与父亲沟通水平显著高于与母亲沟通（P ＜0.01），而在总分、动力和能力维度以及情感需要、支配需要、理解因素中与母亲的沟通水平均高于与父亲（t 值分别为－7.610、－3.281、－3.594、－5.560、－4.083、－14.524，P ＜0.01）。结论初中生亲子沟通受性别、年级的影响，在沟通中与父、母沟通的内容和作用存在不同。
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