海南省居民糖尿病流行现状及其影响因素分析

摘要

目的 了解海南省居民糖尿病流行特点及其影响因素,为制定卫生政策提供科学依据.方法 在海南省8个地区分层多阶段抽样4809名18岁及其以上常住居民进行问卷,测量身高、体重、腰围、血压,检测空腹血糖、OGTT-2h血糖、血脂4项等生化指标.结果 18岁及其以上居民糖尿病、糖耐量减低和空腹血糖受损的患病率分别是12.0％(标化6.5％)、11.7％(标化7.0％)和8.4％(标化4.9％).糖尿病患病男(11.7％)高于女(7.9％);DM随着年龄增长而上升,离退休最高.x2检验糖尿病与单因素性别、职业、年龄、血压、体质指数(BMI)、血脂异常、中心性肥胖、吸烟差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).多因素Logistic回归分析年龄(≥50岁)、高血压、中心型肥胖、BMI、高TG血症、高LDL-C血症、技术生产工人、离退休人员、离婚/分居/丧偶,HDL-C高值是糖尿病的影响因素.结论 海南省糖尿病防控现状不容乐观,年龄、高血压、中心型肥胖、BMI、血脂异常是海南省居民糖尿病的影响因素.应加大高危人群筛查和随访,倡导健康生活方式,加强控制饮食和体重,降低疾病风险.%Objective To study the prevalence of diabetes and its risk factors in Hainan Province,and to provide scientific evidence for health policy making.Methods 4809 residents aged 18 years old and above were collected by stratified multi-staged sampling methods in 8 counties or districts,a questionnaire survey,physical examination (height,weight,waist circumference,blood pressure),laboratory test of venous blood (fasting blood-glucose,postprandial 2h blood-glucose,lipid detection) were carried out.Results The prevalence (standardized prevalence) of diabetes mellitus,impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and impaired fasting-glucose (IFG) among the residents were 12％ (6.5％),11.7％ (7.0％) and 8.4％ (4.9％),respectively.The prevalence of diabetes mellitus inmale (11.7％) was higher than that infemale (7.9％).The prevalence was increased with age,and the retired group was the highestgroup.The results of single risk factor analysis by Chi-square testshowed that sex,age,profession,dyslipidemias,blood pressure,BMI,smoking and central obesity were risk factors of diabetes mellitus (P ＜0.05).The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that ageabove 50 years old,technicians/the emeritus and retired person,divorce/widowed/separated,dyslipidemia of TG,LDL-C,HDL-C,central obesity and blood pressure were the risk factors of diabetes mellitus.Conclusion Diabetes prevention and control in Hainan Province is not optimistic.Age,dyslipidemia of TG,LDL-C,HDL-C,central obesity and blood pressure were the risk factors of diabetes mellitus.Screening and following-up visit should be carried out inrisk population,and advocating healthy lifestyle,controlling the dietary structure and weight are useful to reduce the risk of diabetes mellitus.