兔坐骨神经高压电损伤后早期电生理改变的实验研究

摘要

Objective　To study the early stage eletrophysiological changes after high - voltage electrical injury of rabbit sciatic nerve. Methods　48 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into experimental group (40 rabbits) and control group (8 rabbits). The right lower limb of the rabbits in the experimental group was hit by high - voltage (10 kV) electricity. Electromyography (EMG), compound motor action potential(CMAP), motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) and somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) were recorded right after, 3, 7, 14, and 21days after the injury. No intervention was made in the control group.Results　MNCV,CMAP,SEP of the sciatic nerve of the right hind limb could not be detected 3 days after injury in 20 rabbits, indicating complete nerve injury. In another 20 rabbits, there was gradual reduction of MNCV, prolongation of CMAP and SEP latent period, and decrease of CMAP and SEP amplitude, suggesting incomplete nerve injury. Both of them were comparable to each other in denervation potential.　Conclusions　The early electrophysiological changes in rabbit sciatic nerve after high - voltage electrical injury were progressively exacerbated.%目的研究家兔坐骨神经高压电损伤后早期电生理的变化规律。方法新西兰家兔48只，分成2组。实验组40只，以1万V高压电电击右下肢，于伤后即刻、3、7、14、21 d共5个时间组检测实验兔右下肢的肌电图(EMG)、运动神经传导速度(MNCV) 、复合肌肉电位(CMAP)和皮层体感诱发电位(SEP)。正常对照组8只家兔不作任何处理。结果 20只兔右侧坐骨神经的MNCV、CMAP、SEP在伤后3 d全部测不出，提示为完全损伤。20只兔随伤后时间的推移，坐骨神经的MNCV逐渐减慢；CMAP和SEP的潜伏期逐渐延长，波幅逐渐降低。提示为不全损伤。两者肌电图失神经电位的变化则相似。结论家兔坐骨神经被高压电击伤后早期的肌电图神经电图改变呈进行性加重。