磁性附着体和球帽附着体在下颌覆盖全口义齿修复中的临床对比研究

摘要

目的:比较研究磁性附着体、球帽附着体和传统卡环固位体在下颌可摘局部义齿修复中的临床效果.方法:选择45例牙列缺损患者分别行磁性附着体、球帽附着体和传统卡环固位的下颌可摘局部义齿修复,对患者的满意度和基牙的牙周健康情况进行3年随访.结果:患者满意度比较结果显示磁性附着体组和球帽附着体组分别与传统卡环固位组在美观性、固位情况、舒适程度方面有差异且具有统计学意义(P＜0.05),磁性附着体组与球帽附着体组固位情况和舒适程度有差异且具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)；牙龈指数临床检测结果显示磁性附着体组、球帽附着体组、传统卡环固位组组间两两比较其差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)；基牙松动度临床检测结果显示磁性附着体组、球帽附着体组、传统卡环固位组组间两两比较其差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)；牙周袋深度临床检测结果显示磁性附着体组和球帽附着体组与传统卡环固位组均有差异,且具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)；牙槽骨高度X线测量结果显示磁性附着体组、球帽附着体组、传统卡环固位组组间两两比较其差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:磁性附着体在修复下颌覆盖义齿时能够提供满意的固位力,更好的保护基牙牙周组织健康,较之球帽附着体具有一定的优越性；下颌使用精密附着体固位的覆盖义齿较传统卡环固位的可摘局部义齿在临床疗效上具有一定的优越性.%Objective: To compare the clinical effect of magnetic attachment, ball-cap attachment and traditional clasp retainer on the treatment with mandibular removable partial denture. Methods: Forty-five patients were restored with mandibular removable partial denture containing magnetic attachment, ball-cap attachment and traditional clasp retention respectively. The satisfaction of patients and the periodontal health of abutments were observed after 3 years. Results: Comparison results of patient satisfaction shows that there were significant differences on the aesthetics, retention conditions and comfort among magnetic attachment group, ball-cap attachment group and the traditional clasp retention group (P < 0.05).Clinical examinations of gingival index and abutment mobility showed that there were significant differences among three groups(P < 0.05). The clinical examination of periodontal pocket depth showed that there were significant differences between magnetic attachment group and traditional clasp retention group and between ball-cap attachment group and traditional clasp retention group(P < 0.05). The X ray measurement of alveolar bone height showed that there were significant differences among three groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: In mandibular over-denture, magnetic attachment could provide better retention and better protection for periodontal tissue, compared with ball-cap attachment with a certain superiority. In mandibular restoration, overdenture with precision attachment showed superiority in retention than with traditional clasp retainer.