免疫球蛋白和T淋巴细胞亚群与支气管哮喘的关系研究

摘要

目的 探讨免疫球蛋白(immunoglobulin,Ig)和T淋巴细胞亚群与支气管哮喘的相关性.方法 将本院2015年12月至2016年12月收治的60例支气管哮喘患者纳入观察组,其中,急性发作期23例,缓解期37例;哮喘发作频率:<10次/年20例,10~20次/年30例,>20次/年10例;哮喘严重程度:轻度间歇10例,轻度持续25例,中度持续17例,重度持续8例.同时将本院同期60例健康成年人纳入对照组.比较不同研究对象CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+及IgE水平,并采用Pearson相关分析分析其相关性.结果 观察组患者CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+及IgE水平均明显高于对照组(P<0.05),CD8+水平明显低于对照组(P<0.05);急性发作期患者CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+及IgE水平均明显高于缓解期患者(P<0.05),CD8+水平明显低于缓解期患者(P<0.05);随着哮喘发作频率和严重程度的增加,患者CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+及IgE水平均逐渐升高(P<0.05),CD8+水平逐渐降低(P<0.05).Pearson相关分析结果显示:CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+及IgE水平与哮喘发作频率均呈正相关(r分别为0.621、0.521、0.498、0.623,P<0.05),与哮喘严重程度均呈正相关(r分别为0.542、0.465、0.449、0.512,P<0.05);CD8+水平与哮喘发作频率和严重程度均呈负相关(r分别为-0.536、-0.427,P<0.05).结论 支气管哮喘患者CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+、IgE水平明显上升,CD8+水平明显下降,且上述指标水平变化与哮喘发作频率和哮喘严重程度密切相关,对临床治疗哮喘具有指导意义.%Objective To investigate the correlation between the immunoglobulin (Ig), T lymphocyte subsets and bronchial asthma. Method 60 patients with bronchial asthma from Decebmer 2015 to December 2016 in our hospital were included in observation group, acute attack 23 cases, remission period 37 cases; asthma severity: mild intermittent 10 cases, mild persistent 25 cases, moderate 17 cases, severe persistent 8 cases. At the same time, 60 healthy adults were selected as control group. The levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+, IgE were compared in different subjects, and the correlation was analyzed by Pearson. Result The levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ and IgE in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05), and CD8+ level was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05); the levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ and IgE were significantly higher in acute exacerbation patients than those in remission patients (P<0.05), and the level of CD8+ was significantly lower than that in remission patients (P<0.05); with the increase of frequency and severity of asthma, the levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ and IgE were increased (P<0.05), and the level of CD8+ was decreased (P<0.05); Pearson analysis showed: the levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+and IgE were positively correlated with the frequency of asthma (r=0.621, 0.521, 0.498, 0.623,P<0.05), were also positively correlated with the severity of asthma (r=0.542, 0.465, 0.449, 0.512,P<0.05). The level of CD8+ was negatively correlated with the frequency and severity of asthma (r=-0.536,-0.427, P<0.05). Conclusion The levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, IgE in bronchial asthma patients significantly increase, CD8+ level significantly decrease, and the changes of the above indicators are closely related to the severity of asthma, and has guiding significance for clinical treatment of asthma.