广州市七岁以下儿童意外伤害发生现状分析

摘要

目的 了解和分析7岁以下儿童意外伤害发生现状和分布特点.方法 对2010年广州市7岁以下儿童意外伤害监测网络的470 770名集体和散居儿童中发生的意外伤害现状进行描述性分析.结果 2010年广州市7岁以下儿童意外伤害发生率为1.48%,其中集体儿童意外伤害发生率为1.66%,散居儿童意外伤害发生率为1.11%,城区儿童意外伤害发生率为1.36%,区县(农村地区)儿童意外伤害发生率为2.52%;集体儿童高于散居儿童,农村儿童高于城区儿童.儿童伤害发生原因构成顺位依次是跌伤(70.54%)、动物伤害(8.48%)、烧烫伤(5.75%)、钝器伤(3.92%)和交通道路伤(3.48%).儿童意外伤害发生部位依次是头面部(60.00%)、腕和手(15.48%)、膝部和小腿(11.70%)、肘和前臂(4.54%)、肩部和上臂(2.99%).意外伤害病例中,轻度意外伤害占85.35%,中度意外伤害占9.12%,重度意外伤害占0.57%.其中去医院门诊/急诊的儿童占49.66%,需住院或重症监护的儿童占2.06%,在家中或托幼园所就地处理的儿童占43.34%.结论 2010年广州市7岁以下儿童意外伤害发生率为1.48%,发生原因主要以跌伤、动物伤害、烧烫伤、钝器伤以及交通道路伤为主,不同年龄、区域儿童意外伤害发生特征及临床特征存在差异.%Objective To understand the pravelence and distribution of unintentional injuries in children under age 7 in Guangzhou. Methods Data was descriptively analyzed from the Guangzhou Unintentional Injuries Surveillance System among 470 770 children under age 7 living scatterly or collectively. Results The incidence rates of unintentional injuries among children in Guangzhou was 1.48%, among which the incidence rates were: living scatterly as 1.11% living collectively as 1.66%, living in urban areas as 1.36% in rural as 2.52%. In order, the proportion of main causes of children's unintentional injuries were as follows: falls (70.54%), animal injuries (8.48%), burn and scald (5.75%), blunt force injuries (3.92%) , and road traffic injuries (RTIs) (3.48%). The main body parts being injured were head and face (60.00%) , wrist and hand (15.48%), knee and leg (11.70%), elbow and forearm (4.54%), shoulder and arm (2.99%). The degrees of children's unintentional injuries were as follows: mild impairment (85.35%), moderate impairment (9.12%) , and severe impairment (0.57%). Places that the patients went were as follows: hospital outpatient department or emergency room (49.66%), inpatient department or ICU (2.06%), home and kindergarten (43.34%). Conclusion The overall incidence rate of children' s unintentional injuries under age 7 in Guangzhou was 1.48%, with main causes as fall, animal injuries,burn and scald, blunt force injuries, and RTIs. There were considerable differences of characteristics and distributions on age and areas among the patients.