钙离子拮抗剂致药物性牙龈增生的危险因素分析

摘要

AIM:To explore the relationship between calcium channel blockers and gingival hyperplasia. METHODS:459 subjects with high blood pressure were included.262 of them taking calcium channel blockers (CCB)were in CCB group,197 without use of CCB were in control group.All the subjects were investigated by a questionnaire and oral examination.Gingiva hyperplasia was assessed according to the diagnostic criteria of periodontal hperplasia index(HI).RESULTS:Gingival overgrowth was found in 20.23% of the subjects in CCB group and in 2.54% in control group(χ2 =32.276,P<0.05).Single factor analysis showed that age,dosage and duration of the drug use were the risk factors of gingival hyperplasia (P<0.05).There was a negative correlation between prevalence rate of gingival hyperplasia and the age of patients who took CCB(r=-0.155,P=0.012).There is close relationship between gingival overgrowth and periodontal local factors.CONCLUSION:The gingival hyperplasia is associated with the factors of CCB age,duration,administration method ,dosage of CCB and oral hygiene.%目的：探讨高血压患者服用钙离子拮抗剂后出现牙龈增生的患病率。方法：对我院查体中心和心血管内科门诊服用钙离子拮抗剂抗高血压类药物的262和未服用钙离子拮抗剂的197例患者进行横断面调查。方法包括问卷调查和口腔牙周检查，其中牙龈增生的判定以牙龈增生指数（HI ）为诊断标准。对调查结果进行统计学分析。结果：服用钙离子拮抗剂类药物患者的牙龈增生患病率为20．23％，显著高于对照组的2．54％（χ2＝32．276，P＜0．05）。随年龄增大，药物性牙龈增生的患病率降低（r＝－0．155，P＜0．05）；单一用药者较联合用药者患病率高；服药时间越长患病率降低；随服药剂量的增加，患病率明显增长；口腔卫生状况差者可加重牙龈增生程度。结论：药物性牙龈增生是多方面作用的结果，其主要影响因素为患者年龄、服药方式、剂量、时间和牙周局部因素。