昆明地区恒河猴、食蟹猴种群繁殖规律和繁殖性能研究

摘要

目的 探索昆明地区人工饲养恒河猴与食蟹猴种群的繁殖规律及繁殖性能,为恒河猴和食蟹猴繁育基地建设、生殖生物学研究及生物资源的保护提供数据参考.方法 对昆明某规模化实验猕猴饲养基地饲养的150只恒河猴繁殖群(20只雄猴,130只雌猴)和900只食蟹猴繁殖群(120只雄猴,780只雌猴)全年12个月的繁殖规律及繁殖性能进行观察和统计分析.结果 昆明地区恒河猴种群产仔具有明显的季节性变化,而食蟹猴种群产仔没有明显的季节性变化;恒河猴种群的妊娠率、繁殖率、仔猴成活率分别是76.15%、69.23%和90.70%;食蟹猴种群的妊娠率、繁殖率、仔猴成活率分别是78.98%、74.87%和94.81%;恒河猴的月经周期和妊娠期分别是(28.80 ± 2.33)d和(165.87 ± 7.52)d;食蟹猴的月经周期和妊娠期分别是(29.35 ± 3.05)d和(157.93 ± 5.42)d;恒河猴仔猴平均出生体重和幼猴平均断奶体重分别是(425.00 ± 100.50)g和(1491.67 ± 172.35)g;食蟹猴仔猴平均出生体重和幼猴平均断奶体重分别是(314.33 ± 61.18)g和(1013.50 ± 115.50)g.结论 明确了昆明地区恒河猴和食蟹猴种群的繁殖规律,详实地报道了恒河猴和食蟹猴种群繁殖性能参考值,为昆明地区恒河猴和食蟹猴的繁殖及开展实验猴生殖生物学的科研活动提供了基础数据.%Objective To explore the population reproductive regularity and reproductive performance of rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys in Kunming area, and to provide reference data for the construction of rhesus and cynomolgus monkey breeding base,reproductive biology research and biological resources protection.Methods The reproductive regularity and reproductive performance in a rhesus monkey population of 20 males and 130 females, and a cynomolgus monkey population of 120 males and 780 females in a large-scale experimental monkey breeding base in Kunming were observed for a whole year and statistically analyzed.Results There was a distinct seasonal variation in the reproduction of rhesus monkeys in Kunming area, while no obvious seasonal changes was observed in cynomolgus monkeys.The pregnancy rate, reproductive rate and neonatal survival rate of rhesus monkeys were 76.15%, 69.23% and 90.70%, respectively.The pregnancy rate, neonatal reproduction rate and survival rate of cynomolgus monkeys were 78.98%, 74.87% and 94.81%, respectively.The menstrual cycle and pregnancy period of rhesus monkeys were (28.80 ± 2.33) d and (165.87 ± 7.52) d, respectively.The menstrual cycle and pregnancy period of cynomolgus monkeys were (29.35 ± 3.05) d and (157.93 ± 5.42) d, respectively.The average birth weight and weaning weight of rhesus monkey pups were (425.00 ± 100.50) g and (1491.67 ± 172.35) g, and those of cynomolgus monkeys were (314.33 ± 61.18) g and (1013.50 ± 115.50) g, respectively.Conclusions The reproduction regularity of rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys in Kunming area are defined.The reproductive performance of rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys are reported in detail.It provides basic data for the breeding of rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys in Kunming area and the development of research of experimental monkey reproductive biology.