胸苷磷酸化酶表达与结直肠癌关系研究进展*

摘要

胸苷磷酸化酶（thymidine phosphorylase，TP）是嘧啶核苷合成与分解过程中的一个关键酶。目前认为TP与血小板源性内皮细胞生长因子（platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor，PD-ECGF）具有同源性，其诱导血管形成和抗凋亡的作用与结直肠癌的生长、转移密切相关。同时TP也是使5'-脱氧氟尿苷（5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine，5'-DFUR）等（5-fluorouracil，5-FU）前体药物转化为5-FU的关键酶，其活性与结直肠癌细胞对氟尿嘧啶类药物的敏感性及靶向治疗密切相关。因TP在肿瘤的生长、转移、治疗和预后方面均有重要作用，阐明其表达机制具有重要意义。本文将对近年TP在结直肠癌中的表达与肿瘤血管新生及与激活5'-DFUR发挥细胞毒作用、治疗结直肠癌的研究进展进行综述。%　　Thymidine phosphorylase (TP) is an important enzyme in the pyrimidine nucleoside synthesis and decomposition. Based on current hypotheses, a homology between TP and platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor is found. A close relationship was observed between the function of TP in inducing angiogenesis and the anti-apoptotic property as well as the progression and metas-tasis of colorectal carcinoma. TP is the key enzyme that can convert 5' deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5'-DFUR), one of the prodrugs of 5-fluo-rouracil (5-FU), into 5-FU. TP activity is strongly linked to the sensitivity and the targeted therapy of fluorouracil drug on colorectal car-cinoma cells. Therefore, clarifying the expression mechanism is of great importance. This article summarized the function of TP in an-giogenesis, TP expression in colorectal carcinoma, and 5'-DFUR activation in cells. Current research progress in colorectal carcinoma treatment was also described.