食管癌环境和遗传危险因素交互作用的分子基础和精准预防

摘要

食管癌是极具中国特色的疾病，在流行病学特征、组织学发生和发病危险因素等方面与西方发达国家人群存在巨大差异，中国很难借鉴西方食管癌研究成果，因此，攻克食管癌是中国科学家的责任和挑战。本文围绕中国人食管癌遗传高易感性（易感基因）及其与环境致癌因素的交互作用、食管鳞状上皮癌变多阶段演进的分子机理这两个问题，结合这些领域的研究进展做一简要阐述。%Esophageal cancer is a unique malignant disease in China. A fundamental difference exists between the Chinese population and the western population on esophageal cancer in terms of epidemiology, histogenesis, and carcinogenic risk factors. Therefore, ap-plying the western academic achievements to Chinese is difficult. Thus, Chinese scientists have the responsibility to conquer esopha-geal cancer in China. This article reviews the progress of esophageal cancer focused on the molecular mechanism for interactions of ge-netic and environmental risk factors and human esophageal multistage carcinogenesis.