目的 研究小双节RNA病毒(PBVs)与儿童不明原因腹泻的关系.方法 2015年1-12月于徐州市中心医院临床微生物检验中心为采样地点,筛选PBV反转录-PCR阳性的6岁以下腹泻患儿粪便样本作为研究组,同时从幼儿园采集4例正常儿童粪便样本作为对照组.利用病毒宏基因组学方法对上述样本进行分析,探讨PBVs与儿童腹泻的关系.对分离的PBV序列中RdRp行进化分析,进一步探讨PBVs分型与儿童腹泻的关系.结果 7例腹泻儿童粪便样本含有高浓度的PBV序列,而阴性对照组只有1例含有低浓度的PBV序列,其他3例不含PBV序列.对分离到的PVB序列中RdRp进行分析,7个RdRp序列分别来源于7例粪便标本,分别命名为ChXz-1至ChXz-7.根据预测的RdRp的氨基酸序列与GenBank中已知的RdRp序列进行进化分析,提示7例PVB序列从属于3个不同的基因型,ChXz-1、ChXz-2、ChXz-3从属于基因型Ⅰ,ChXz-4、ChXz-5、ChXz-7属于基因型Ⅱ,ChXz-6属于基因型Ⅲ.结论 PVBs可能是导致儿童腹泻的病原体之一,且3型PVBs均有可能导致腹泻的发生.%Objective To investigate positive picobirnaviruses(PVBs)infection and its association with unex-plained diarrhea in children. Methods From January to December 2015,the Clinical Microbiology Testing Center of Xuzhou Central Hospital as the sampling location,7 PVB reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction(RT - PCR)- positive fecal samples with diarrhea were collected from children under 6 years old and 4 samples from healthy chil-dren were obtained and all the samples were analyzed by viral metagenomics to investigate the relationship between PVBs and diarrhea in children. Phylogenetic analysis of RdRp in the isolated PVB sequences was carried out to clarify the relationship between PVB classification and diarrhea. Results All the 7 diarrhea feces contained high titers of PVB sequences,while 3 of the controls were negative,and 1 with low titers of PVB. RdRp analysis was carried out on the iso-lated PVB sequences,which displayed that 7 RdRp sequences caming from 7 fecal samples separately,so named ChXz- 1 to ChXz - 7 respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on the predicted amino acid sequences of RdRp from this study and whole RdRp sequences available in the GenBank database indicated that the 7 RdRp sequences belonged to 3 genogroups,in which ChXz - 1,ChXz - 2,ChXz - 3 belonging to genogroup Ⅰ,ChXz - 4,ChXz - 5,ChXz - 7 belong-ing to genogroup Ⅱ,and ChXz - 6 belonging to genogroup Ⅲ. Conclusions PVBs might be the cause of diarrhea in children in this study,and all the 3 different PVBs may lead to diarrhea.
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