不同剂量中链甘油三酯对川藏黑猪断奶仔猪生长性能和肠道微生物菌群比例的影响

摘要

本研究旨在探讨不同剂量中链甘油三酯(MCT)对川藏黑猪断奶仔猪生长性能和肠道微生物茵群比例的影响.试验选择体重为5.4kg左右、25日龄断奶的川藏黑猪仔猪30头,按体重相近的原则随机分为5组,每组6个重复.对照组饲喂含1.5％豆油的基础日粮,抗生素组在对照组日粮基础上添加50 mg/kg金霉素,试验组分别以0.5％、1.0％和1.5％的MCT等量替代对照组日粮中的豆油,试验期21d.结果表明:与对照组相比,1.0％MCT组和1.5％MCT组的仔猪末重和平均日增重显著提高(P＜0.05),耗料增重比和腹泻指数显著降低(P＜0.05);与抗生素组相比,1.5％MCT组显著提高平均日增重和平均日采食量(P＜0.05);与对照组相比,随着日粮中MCT添加量的增加,各肠段乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌占总细菌的比例提高,大肠杆菌比例降低(P＜0.05);日粮添加MCT显著降低回肠链球菌比例(P＜0.05),1.0％MCT组显著降低结肠的链球菌比例(P＜0.05),1.0％MCT组和1.5％MCT组显著降低空肠的链球菌比例(P＜0.05);与抗生素组相比,日粮添加MCT显著提高各肠段双歧杆菌比例(P＜0.05),1.5％MCT组显著提高空肠、回肠和盲肠乳酸杆菌比例(P＜0.05),1.0％MCT组显著降低结肠链球菌比例(P＜0.05),1.5％MCT组显著降低盲肠和结肠链球菌比例(P＜0.05).结果提示,日粮中添加1.5％MCT可提高川藏黑猪断奶仔猪肠道中有益菌的比例并降低有害菌的比例,改善肠道菌群结构,进而降低腹泻指数,提高生长性能.%The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of different levels of medium-chain triglycerides(MCT)on growth performance and intestinal microflora in weaning piglets of Chuan Zang black pig.Thirty weaned piglets of Chuanzang Black pig with an initial body weight of 5.4kg (25 day old)were randomly allocated into one of five groups.The dietary treatments of these five groups were as follows:a based diet containing 1.5％ soybean oil (control group),the basal diet contained 50 mg/kg chlortetracycline (antibiotic group),test group 1 to group 3 were 0.5％,1.0％ and 1.5％ MCT instead of soybean oil,respectively.The experiment lasted for 21 days.The results showed as follows:compared with the control group,1.0％MCT group and 1.5％MCT group significantly increased the terminal weight and ADG (P＜0.05),and significantly decreased the F/G and diarrhea index (P＜0.05).Compared with the antibiotic group,the ADG and ADF1 were significantly increased in the 1.5％MCT group.Compared with the control group,with the increase of dietary MCT,increased the proportion of the intestinal Lactobacillus and bifido bacteria,and reduced the proportion of enterobacteria (P＜0.05);dietary supplementation of MCT significantly decreased the proportion of Streptococcus suis in ileum (P＜0.05),1.0％MCT group significantly decreased the proportion of Streptococcus suis in colon (P＜0.05),1.0％MCT group and 1.5％MCT group significantly decreased the proportion of Streptococcus suis in jejunum (P＜0.05).Compared with the antibiotic group,dietary supplementation of MCT significantly increased the proportion of intestinal bifidobacteria (P＜0.05),1.5％MCT group significantly increased proportion of Lactobacillus in the jejunum ileum and cecum (P＜0.05),1.0％MCT group significantly decreased the proportion of Streptococcus suis in colon (P＜0.05),1.5％MCT group significantly decreased the proportion of Streptococcus suis in cecum and colon.In conclusion,dietary supplementation of MCT can increase the proportion of intestinal beneficial bacteria and reduce the proportion of intestinal harmful bacteria in weaning piglets of Chuanzang black pig,and improve the production performance,reduce the diarrhea index.