黄曲霉毒素B1及其吸附剂对断奶仔猪生长性能和空肠消化酶活性的影响

摘要

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of aflatoxin B1( AFB1 ) on growth performance and the jejunum activities of digestive enzymes of weaned piglets. Seventy-two weaned piglets aged 28 d were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 3 weaned piglets per replicate for 35 d. The 4 groups were control group ( basal diet) , adsorbent group ( basal diet+0.25% adsorbent) , AFB1 group ( moldy corn diet, expected content of AFB1 was 300 μg/kg) and AFB1+adsorbent group ( moldy corn diet+0. 25%adsorbent) . On day 22 to day 28, digestion experiment was carried out with endogenous indicator. The results showed as follows:AFB1 had no significant influences on the growth performance, the apparent digestibility of crude protein ( CP) , ash, digestible energy ( DE) , calcium ( Ca) and phosphorus ( P) , and the jejunum ac-tivity of digestive enzymes ( P>0.05) . Liver tissue of piglets receiving AFBl alone showed the disordered he-patic cord, serious granular and vacuole degeneration. The addition of adsorbent in the AFB1 diets diminished the inhibitory effects of dietary AFB1 on the liver tissue, reduced the activity of disaccharidase and increased the activity of oligopeptidase, but those effects were not significant ( P>0.05) . AFB1 and adsorbent had a tend-ency to interact the apparent digestibility of Ca and the activity of aminopeptidase (P=0.05). In conclusion, though the diet with 300 μg/kg AFB1 in piglets has no significant effects on the growth performance, intestinal digestive and absorptive function, and the organizational structure of liver has some injury to some extent. After adding 0.25% adsorbent to moldy corn group, the results express that the effects of the growth performance, intestinal digestive and absorptive function are not observed, the negative symptom of liver tissue are alleviated to some degree, but not restore to the normal state. Nonetheless, adsorbent added to the control group reduces the disaccharidase and oligopeptidase of jejunal.%本试验旨在研究黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)及其吸附剂对断奶仔猪生长性能和空肠消化酶活性的影响. 选用72头28日龄断奶仔猪随机分为4个组,每个组6个重复,每个重复3头仔猪. 这4个组分别为对照组(基础饲粮)、吸附剂组(基础饲粮+0. 25%吸附剂)、AFB1 组(霉变玉米饲粮,AFB1 预期含量为300 μg/kg)和AFB1+吸附剂组(霉变玉米饲粮+0.25%吸附剂) ,试验期35 d,于试验第22~28天进行消化代谢试验. 结果表明:与对照组相比,AFB1 饲粮对断奶仔猪生长性能,饲粮粗蛋白质、粗灰分、消化能、钙和磷表观消化率及空肠黏膜消化酶活性影响不显著(P>0.05). AFB1 组肝脏出现明显的肝索紊乱,肝细胞中有不规则空泡和颗粒变性.AFB1 饲粮添加吸附剂后能降低肝脏病变程度和提高空肠黏膜寡肽酶活性,降低了空肠黏膜二糖酶活性,但是差异均不显著( P>0.05);AFB1 和吸附剂对饲粮钙的表观消化率和空肠黏膜氨肽酶活性有交互作用的趋势( P=0.05). 由此可见,含300 μg/kg AFB1 的饲粮对断奶仔猪生长性能和空肠消化吸收功能无显著影响,但对肝脏组织结构具有一定的损伤作用;霉变玉米饲粮中添加0.25%吸附剂对仔猪生长性能和空肠消化吸收功能无显著影响,对肝脏损伤具有一定缓解作用,但对空肠黏膜消化酶活性有负面影响.