2001-2010年东北地区螨变应原诱发过敏性疾病调查

摘要

Objective To investigate the spectrum and characteristics of mite allergen-induced allergic diseases within lasL Len veal's in Northeast of China, forming the scientific basis of management and prevention of allergic diseases in this area. Methods To analyze the spectrum, characteristics, distribution of patients' sex, age, occupation and environment of mite allergen-induced allergic diseases within Len years, since January 2001 Lo December 2010, based on the daLa such as number of patients who attended Lo our outpatient department, skin prick LesL results, etc in the database of hospital information system. Results 156 800 patients attended our department within lasL Len veal's, mainly were asthma ( 51 660 ), rhinitis ( 51 266 ), urticaria ( 38 787 ), dermaLiLis ( 6 974 ), eczema ( 5 483 ) and conjuncLiviLis ( 1 953 ) paLienLs. The commonest mite allergen-induced allergic disease was allergic asLhma, followed by allergic rhinitis, urticaria, and dermaLiLis. Conclusions Northeast of China is an area suitable for mite breeding, which resulting perennial allergic symptoms. The indoor environment control is the critical for elimination of house dust mite, which may result in relief of allergic symptoms and reduction of occurrences of mite allergen-induced allergic diseases.%目的 了解东北地区10年间螨变应原诱发的过敏性疾病病种及特征,为该地区过敏性疾病的防治提供依据.方法 采用本科信息系统数据库,统计2001年1月-2010年12月的10年间过敏性疾病患者数,并结合数据库中皮肤点刺试验(skin prick test,SPT)结果,对尘螨变应原诱发的过敏性疾病的病种,患者的性别、年龄、职业以及环境等进行统计及分析.结果 10年间本科就诊总人数为156800人次,就诊病种主要为哮喘(51660例)、鼻炎(51266例)、荨麻疹(38787例)、皮炎(6974例)、湿疹(5483例)、结膜炎(1953例)等.156800例患者中过敏原阳性反应87975例,阳性率56%,其中屋尘螨68444例,阳性率77.8%;粉尘螨66069例,阳性率75.1%.由尘螨变应原引起过敏性疾病最多的是过敏性哮喘,其次是变应性鼻炎、荨麻疹、皮炎.结论 东北地区尘螨孳生多见,易引起过敏,且患者四季均可发病.控制居室环境中的尘螨是减轻尘螨病症状、减少过敏发作的重要预防措施.