Objective To observe the significance of community application of prostate - specific antigen ( PSA ) qualitative inspection and digital rectal examination screening for prostate cancer. Methods Patients with mild and moderate to severe Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ( BPH ) selected from veteran cadres who underwent health examination were observed. Serum PSA qualitative inspection and digital rectal examination were carried out and the significance of prostate cancer screening was compared. Results Positive rate of prostate biopsy in patients with nodule showed statistically significant difference compared with that in patients without nodule ( x2 = 10. 4184, P = 0. 0012 ). Positive rate of prostate biopsy in patients with positive PSA showed statistically significant difference compared with that in patients with negative PSA ( x =4. 4775 , P =0. 0343 ). The detection rate of serum PSA qualitative detection showed no statistically significant difference on prostate cancer compared with digital rectal examination ( x2 =0. 0377, P =0. 8460 ). Conclusion Combined application of the two methods at grassroots level can reduce missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis and can give effective guidance for people at high risk and sub - high risk of prostate cancer.%目的 观察社区应用前列腺特异抗原(PSA)定性检查和直肠指检普查前列腺癌的意义.方法 从老干部健康体检人群中筛选出轻度及中重度前列腺增生患者进行观察,行血清PSA定性检查和直肠指检,比较两种方法在前列腺癌普查中的意义.结果 中重度前列腺增生患者中有结节者前列腺活检阳性率与无结节者比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=10.4184,P=0.0012);血清PSA阳性者前列腺活检阳性率与阴性者比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.4775,P=0.0343);血清PSA阳性者前列腺癌的检出率与前列腺直肠指检有结节者比较,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.0377,P=0.8460).结论 两种方法同时在基层应用可减少漏诊及误诊率,同时应对未查出前列腺癌的高危和次高危人群进行有效指导.
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