P（AA-SSS）/PVA高吸水树脂的制备

摘要

以丙烯酸（AA）、聚乙烯醇（PVA）、对苯乙烯磺酸钠（SSS）为原料，过硫酸钾为引发剂，N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂，采用溶液聚合法制备了P（AA-SSS）/PVA高吸水树脂。研究了引发剂用量、交联剂用量、n（AA）（PVA）、反应温度、AA中和度、SSS用量对P（AA-SSS）/PVA树脂吸水率的影响，以及树脂的吸水速率、保水能力、pH值敏感性、耐盐能力，并用X射线衍射分析仪、热重分析仪、扫描电子显微镜对其进行表征。结果表明：引发剂质量分数为0.30%，交联剂质量分数为0.10%，n（AA）（PVA）为4.0，反应温度为70 ℃，AA中和度为55%，w（SSS）为4%时制得的吸水树脂性能最佳。吸水树脂的表面成较深沟壑并且平行分布，比表面积较大。%A series of acrylic acid (AA)-polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)-sodium p-styrene sulfonate(SSS)water superabsorbent resins P(AA-SSS)/PVA were prepared via solution polymerization with AA, PVA and SSS as raw materials, potassium persulfate as an initiator and N,N-methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinking agent. The effects of the amount of the initiator and crosslinking agent, molar ratio of AA to PVA, reaction temperature, AA neutralization degree and the dosage of SSS on the water absorbability of P(AA-SSS)/PVA were studied. The absorption rate, water retention capacity, pH value sensitivity and salt tolerance of the resins were explored, and the resins were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction(XRD) analyzer, thermogravimetry(TG) analyzer and scanning electron microscope(SEM). The results show that the superabsorbent resin with optimal performance is prepared when the mass percentage of the initiator and crosslinking agent is 0.30% and 0.10% respectively, the molar ratio of AA to PVA is 4.0, the reaction temperature is 70 ℃, the AA neutralization degree is 55% and the dosage of SSS is 4% by mass. The superabsorbent resin has deep ravines that are parallel distributed on the surface, leading to its large specific surface area.