完善国际运动心理学界对Norman Triplett 的认知

摘要

深入考察19世纪末期国际运动心理学研究情况，重审 Triplett （1898）与运动心理学的关系，发现 Triplett （1898）被看作运动心理学研究，不仅因为它关注“competition effect”，更在于其理论基础、研究对象、研究结论都密切联系体育比赛，它包含理论推导、实验检验、结果分析等环节，特别是采用实验和数理统计法，明显区别于同时代以哲学观为基础的现象学分析或模仿自然科学的实验报告，可谓科学运动心理学诞生的代表作。根据现代运动心理学理论，Triplett （1898）具有较高的研究水平，但它没有明显支持运动心理学的学科创建。%Although this research includes some sport factors ,the historical information indicates that Triplett (1898) is not the first research or experiment of sport psychology because of the research target ,theory basis and experiment program ,and it is better to treat it as a popular psychology research related with sport .Thinking of the situation of sport psychology research during the end of 1900s ,the research model of Triplett(1898) significantly built a bridge be-tween philosophy analysis and scientific measure ,which solved some sport psychology research problems such as the pure theory analysis is lack of proof and the pure quantitative investiga-tion is lack of theoretical depth ,and shown the discipline trait of sport psychology which is be-tween society and science .In summary ,Triplett (1898 ) is like the “ape” in the process of sport psychology goes to science from philosophy ,and the research model showed (present the theoretical hypotheses ,empirical study ,conclusions ) which is the best symbol .According to the modern sport psychology theories ,Triplett (1898) which includes higher academic values , but there is no significant support for the development of sport psychology .