体育学与哲学：基于学科关联的历史考察

摘要

As two isolated disciplines ,there exist varying relationship between sport science and philosophy alone with the transmutation of era background .Therefore ,sport philosophy per‐formances different types and that leads its development direction .Because of the direct rela‐tionship between sport science and philosophy in the era of ancient Greek ,philosophy can ex‐plain and value the phenomena of sport science directly .After the period of “metaphysics” of philosophy in the era of medieval time and a transform of social theorization ,the direct rela‐tionship between sport science and philosophy was broken ,sport philosophy that compels phi‐losophy to explain sport directly leads to farce and is tired of macro and micro metaphysics .Be‐cause of the indirect relationship between sport science and philosophy in the modern philoso‐phy background ,philosophy focuses on the understanding of sport rather than sport itself , which leads to “forward” and “backward” road in sport philosophy .The “backward” road leads to a methodology of sport science ,and based on the critic to the former ,the “forward”road reconstructs the base of discours in sport philosophy which constructs the “sport world”based the symbolic meaning .%体育学与哲学是两门不同的学科，在不同时代背景下有着迥然相异的关联方式，由此既呈现了体育哲学的不同形态，也引导了体育哲学的发展方向。古典时代的竞技哲学与射御哲学与哲学直接关联，互为表里，哲学能直接参与对体育现象的解释，同时赋予体育学以价值。在经历了中世纪哲学的形而上学与体育学的社会理论化改造后，体育学与哲学的直接关联被打破，哲学直接解释体育现象会使体育哲学形成“闹剧”，被困于宏观与微观的形而上学境地之中。现代哲学背景下，体育学与哲学形成间接关联。在此背景下，体育哲学形成了“退出”与“前进”的两条道路，前者走向了体育科学的方法论，基于对前者的批判，后者重新构建了体育哲学的讨论基础，在象征意义下构建专属体育的世界。