中、美大学生身体形象与身体活动量及其关系的对比研究

摘要

采用问卷调查法对中、美两国大学生身体形象和身体活动量进行比较 ,并探讨中、美大学生身体形象与身体活动量之间的关系.结果发现 ,中、美两国大学生在身体形象上均存在明显的性别差异 ,女生有着相对较低的身体形象满意度 ,男生身体活动量相对较高.中、美大学生身体形象和身体活动量有着明显的区别 ,美国大学生对身体形象的满意度总体上高于中国大学生.外表评价和疾病态度两项指标分别对中国男、女大学生身体活动量具有一定影响 ,但影响较弱.美国男生的外表评价、体质评价、体质态度和健康评价对身体活动量有较强的预测作用 ,美国女生外表评价、外表态度、体质态度和超重忧虑对身体活动量有较强的预测作用.中国大学生参加身体锻炼的内部动机相对不高 ,美国大学生身体形象可以作为身体锻炼的预测性指标.%This paper makes a comparison of body image and physical activity level between Chi-nese and American college students ,and discusses their relationship by the method of question-naire survey .The result shows that there is a clearly difference of gender on body image .Fe-male students have a relatively low body image .Male students have higher volume of physical activity than females .There is also an obvious difference between Chinese and American students .American students overall have more satisfaction on body image than Chinese students .Male students' appearance evaluation and female students' ill orientation in Chinese students have an effect on the volume of physical activity respectively .Appearance evaluation , fitness evaluation ,fitness orientation and health evaluation in American male students are a powerful predictor of the volume of physical activity .Appearance evaluation ,appearance orien-tation ,fitness orientation and overweight preoccupation are a powerful predictor of the volume of physical activity .In summary ,Chinese students have not strong internal motivation for par-ticipating in physical exercise ,but American students' body image can be used as predictive in-dicators of physical exercise .