液相剥离法制备石墨烯研究进展

摘要

The selection principle of the graphite stripping system,the graphene stripping systems including the organic solvent system,the aqueous surfactant system and the ionic liquid system,and the stripping equipments such as the ball mill,the high pressure jet machine,the ultrasonic generator,the high speed mixing shear,the supercritical device and the high-gravity rotating bed were reviewed.It is considered that the method of liquid-phase exfoliation is the most promising preparation method because of its low cost,simplicity,high yield and latent industrial expansibility.There are many shortcomings,such as low concentration,the polydispersity of layer and size,expensive or high boil of stripping medium,difficult separation of auxiliary agent.The major challenge in preparing graphene is the selection and design of suitable stripping system and equipment.%对石墨剥离体系的选择原则,石墨在有机溶剂体系、含水表面活性剂、离子液体体系中的剥离,球磨机、高压射流机、超声波发生器、高速搅拌剪切机、超临界装置、超重力旋转床等石墨的剥离设备进行综述;认为提出液相剥离法制备的石墨烯应用前景良好;液相剥离法还存在浓度低、层数和尺寸的多分散性、剥离介质价格昂贵或沸点高、辅助剂不易分离等不足;液相剥离法规模制备石墨烯面临的挑战主要是选择和设计合适的剥离体系和剥离设备.