目的:为促进基本药物制度的顺利实施提供参考.方法:选择南京市已经启动国家基本药物制度的城区60个社区医疗卫生机构,分别对患者和机构负责人进行问卷调查,共回收有效患者问卷728份,医疗卫生机构负责人问卷49份,采用Excel和SPSS 11.5软件对数据进行统计、分析.结果:大部分患者和医务人员对国家基本药物制度知之甚少,一部分患者不愿意接受价格低廉的基本药物,政府对基层医院的财政补偿不到位.结论:政府应通过科学遴选的办法确保基本药物目录的合理性,在基本药物“零差率”销售的情况下完善财政补偿机制,对医师的处方行为进行监督等,保证国家基本药物制度的顺利实施.%OBJECTIVE: To provide reference for improving smooth implementation of essential drugs. METHODS: 60 community hospitals of Nanjing where national essential drug system had been implemented were included. Patients and directors were investigated, and 728 questionnaires about patients and 49 papers about medical institutions were collected. The data were analyzed using Excel and SPSS 11.5 software. RESULTS: The majority of patients and medical personnel had little knowledge about essential drug system. Little part of the patients was not willing to accept cheap essential drugs. The financial compensation of government was not inefficient in primary hospital. CONCLUSIONS: To ensure the rationality of essential drugs list, the government should select drugs by scientific measures. Financial compensation mechanism should be perfected under essential drugs zero-profit sales. The doctors' prescription behavior must be supervised. So national essential drug system can be implemented smoothly.
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