OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of dexmedetomidine with different doses combined with ropivacaine on the bra-chial plexus block. METHODS:Totally 90 patients with upper extremity surgery of brachial plexus block were randomly divided in-to test group,control group 1 and control group 2. Test group was treated with 0.375%ropivacaine 40 ml+dexmedetomidine 100μg, brachial plexus injection;control group 1 was treated with 0.375% ropivacaine 40 ml+dexmedetomidine 50 μg,brachial plexus in-jection;and control group 2 was treated with 0.375% ropivacaine 40 ml,brachial plexus injection. Onset time of sensory and motor nerve block,block duration,postoperative pain time for the first time and pain score,analgesia duration,quality of analgesia and muscle relaxant,before anesthesia induction(T0),plasma cortisol concentrations in nerve block 10 min (T1),the start of surgery (T2)and incidence of adverse reactions were observed. RESULTS:The onset time of sensory and motor nerve block and postopera-tive pain score for the first time in test group werecontrol group 1>control group 2,plasma cortisol concentrations at T1 and T2 were higher than T0,and T2>T1>T0,test group0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Ropivacaine combined with 100 μg dexmedetomidine can effectively im-prove brachial plexus block and shorten the onset time of sensory and motor nerve block,with good safety.%目的：探讨不同剂量右美托咪定联合罗哌卡因对臂丛神经阻滞效果的影响。方法：90例臂丛神经阻滞行上肢手术患者随机均分为试验组、对照1组和对照2组。试验组患者给予0.375％罗哌卡因40 ml+右美托咪定100μg，臂丛神经注射；对照1组患者给予0.375％罗哌卡因40 ml+右美托咪定50μg，臂丛神经注射；对照2组患者仅给予0.375％罗哌卡因40 ml，臂丛神经注射。观察各组患者感觉和运动神经阻滞起效时间和阻滞持续时间，术后首次疼痛时间和疼痛评分，术后镇痛时间，镇痛和肌松质量，麻醉诱导前（T0）、神经阻滞10 min（T1）、手术开始（T2）时的血浆皮质醇浓度及不良反应发生情况。结果：试验组患者感觉和运动神经阻滞起效时间、术后首次疼痛评分＜对照1组＜对照2组，感觉和运动神经阻滞持续时间、术后首次疼痛时间、术后镇痛时间＞对照1组＞对照2组；T1、T2时各组患者血浆皮质醇浓度均高于同组T0时，且T2＞T1＞T0，但试验组＜对照1组＜对照2组，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。各组患者镇痛和肌松质量总满意率、不良反应发生率比较，差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论：100μg右美托咪定联合罗哌卡因可明显改善臂丛神经阻滞效果，缩短感觉和运动神经阻滞起效时间，且安全性较好。
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