前列腺癌3种常用治疗方法的生存和预后分析及影响因素

摘要

Background and purpose: The prognostic factors on survival for the patients with prostate carcinoma are still underdeterrnined. This study was to analyze the survival of three common treatment methods for prostate carcinoma and the prognostic factors on survival. Methods: 494 male patients who were diagnosed as prostate cancer were enrolled into the retrospective study. All of the data like age, stage, grade, PSA level, ALP, Hb and treatments were collected. Overall survival and disease specific survival rates for patients were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method. Prognostic factors on disease specific survival were also analyzed by Log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards model. Results: Disease specific survival rates at 1, 3 and 5 year were 96.0%, 89.0% and 80.0% for all 494 patients, respectively. Disease specific survival rate at 3-year was 92.4% for brachytherapy, 100.0% for radical prostatectomy and 80.6% for hormonal therapy (P=0.008). Multivariate analysis by Cox model showed that stage, PSA level and age significantly impacted on disease specific survival. Conclusion: Brachytherapy and radical prostatectomy provides longer survival time than hormonal therapy for patients with prostate cancer. Clinical stage and PSA level and age of prostate cancer are independent factors impacting on survival significantly.%背景与目的:影响前列腺癌预后的因素有许多,本研究旨在通过对前列腺癌患者临床资料的回顾性分析,比较前列腺癌3种常用治疗方法的生存及预后,探讨影响前列腺癌生存预后的因素.方法:对494例前列腺癌患者行病史采集,包括年龄、临床分期、分级和治疗前前列腺特异抗原(prostate specific antigen,PSA)的表达水平、血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、血红蛋白值(Hb)以及治疗方法等.采用Kaplan-Meiel-法计算生存率,Cox回归模型分析影响生存预后的因素.结果:494例患者1、3和5年疾病特异生存率分别为96.0%、89.0%和80.0%;不同治疗组的3年疾病特异生存率分别为:近距离放射治疗(transperineal interstitial permanent prostate brachytherapy,PB)92.4%,前列腺癌根治术(radical prostatectomy,RP)100%,内分泌治疗(hormonal therapy,HT)80.6%(P=0.008).单因素分析的结果显示年龄、临床分期、分级、治疗前PSA水平以及治疗方法均对前列腺癌的生存预后产生重要的影响.多因素分析结果表明,临床分期、PSA水平及年龄是影响患者存活的独立重要因素.结论:接受PB治疗和RP治疗的患者均比HT治疗生存率高,影响前列腺癌生存预后的因素中临床分期、PSA水平及年龄都是重要的独立因素.