以氯仿为溶剂,通过氧化铝和氯磺酸反应制备了氧化铝-硫酸( ASA)固体酸催化剂,以油酸转化率为指标,考察了ASA催化剂在油酸与甲醇酯化反应中反应时间、醇酸摩尔比、催化剂用量及氯磺酸负载量对酯化反应的影响。得到的最佳酯化反应条件为：氯磺酸负载量4.1 mmol/g,反应时间6 h,反应温度68℃,醇酸摩尔比8∶1,催化剂用量为油酸质量的5%。在最佳酯化反应条件下,油酸转化率达到93.1%,ASA催化剂重复使用5次,油酸转化率仍在80%以上。在303~333 K范围内,油酸和甲醇的酯化反应符合准二级动力学方程,表观活化能为54.34 kJ/mol,指前因子为2.91×109 L/(mol·h)。%Alumina sulfuric acid(ASA) solid acid catalyst was synthesized by alumina and chlorosulfonic acid with chloroform as solvent. Using conversion rate of oleic acid as index,the effects of loading amount of chlorosulfonic acid, reaction time, molar ratio of methanol to oleic acid and catalyst dosage on the es-terification of oleic acid and methanol with ASA as catalyst were discussed. The results showed that the optimal esterification conditions were obtained as follows: loading amount of chlorosulfonic acid 4 . 1 mmol/g, catalyst dosage 5% ( based on the mass of oleic acid) , reaction time 6 h, reaction temperature 68℃ and molar ratio of methanol to oleic acid 8∶1. Under these conditions,the conversion rate of oleic acid reached 93. 1%,and it was still over 80% when ASA was reused for five times. The esterification was accord to pseudo-second kinetic model at 303-333 K, the apparent activation energy was 54. 34 kJ/mol, and the pre-exponential factor was 2. 91 × 109 L/(mol·h).
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