四丁基溴化铵催化合成环氧大豆油

摘要

在无溶剂无羧酸条件下,以四丁基溴化铵为相转移催化剂,用65％的叔丁基过氧化氢(TBHP)为氧源直接合成环氧大豆油.考察了反应温度、反应时间、催化剂用量及TBHP与碳碳双键摩尔比对环氧化反应的影响,通过红外光谱对催化环氧化的机理进行了初步探究.结果表明:在反应温度65℃、反应时间3h、催化剂用量3.0g(10.0 g大豆油)、TBHP与碳碳双键摩尔比1.5∶1条件下,催化环氧化效果最好,环氧值、转化率和选择性分别达到3.5％、53.9％和77.5％.此方法操作简单,催化剂价格低,简化了工艺流程,降低了工艺成本,同时克服了传统方法使用羧酸和溶剂等造成的弊端.%In the absence of solvent and carboxylic acid,epoxy soybean oil was synthesized with tetrabutylammonium bromide as phase transfer catalyst and TBHP (65％) as oxygen source.The effects of reaction time,reaction temperature,dosage of catalyst and molar ratio of TBHP to carbon-carbon double bond on the epoxy reaction were investigated,and the reaction mechanism was analyzed by FTIR.The results showed that the optimal reaction conditions were obtained as follows:reaction temperature 65 ℃,reaction time 3 h,dosage of catalyst 3.0 g(soybean oil mass 10.0 g),molar ratio of TBHP to carboncarbon double bond 1.5∶ 1.Under the optimal conditions,the catalytic epoxy result was the best,and the epoxy value of the product,conversion and selectivity could reach 3.5％,53.9％ and 77.5％,respectively.The method had the items of simply process,easy operation and low cost,and it overcame the drawbacks of the traditional methods of using carboxylic acids and solvents.